16 Mr. Woops on the Genera of European Grasses. 
Here, again, we may employ the compound terms HEnBACEO-MEMBRANOUS 
and Hergaceo-scariose to denote the intermediate states. The first occurs 
in the glumes of Phalaris, and in the paleze of Poa annua; the second, in the 
glumes of Anthoxanthum, and the glumes and paleze of Trisetum. 
Corraceous. Thicker and firmer than membranous, as in the paleæ of 
Phalaris. 
CoRIACEO-MEMBRANOUS would express an intermediate degree of consistency, 
as in the paleæ of Milium effusum.  Herbaceo-coriaceous would denote a- 
difference of colour and texture rather than of substance; we have it in the 
paleæ of Sclerochloa rigida and Triticum loliaceum. | 
Horny. Harder than coriaceous. The paleæ of Andropogon Allionii may 
well deserve this title, at least when the plant is in seed, nor would it be mis- 
applied to the paleæ of Panicum, or the glume of Sorghum saccharatum. | 
Fiesuy. This term may be applied to the additional scales which indicate 
the exterior florets in some species of Phalaris, and to those of the interior 
floret in Melica, but perhaps not correctly to either gluine or palea. 
The shape of the glumes and paleæ, considered as flat surfaces, does not | 
appear to afford us any good generic characters ; but their being navicular, | 
compressed, concave, nerved, furnished with a marked midrib, or ribbed, are 
particulars to be attended to. In this respect also I find considerable differ- 
ence in the use of words. We have canaliculatæ, 
naviculares, naviculari-carinatæ, concave, 
presse, involute. Concave and carinate se 
opposition ; but Smith unites in the same 
considering the substance of a plant, I und 
for instance, as herbaceo-membranaceous, 
but in the foregoing examples it would be 
to be expressed by a form between boat-sh 
prefer considering the glume as convex i 
The structure of the valve in this point of view consists of several particu- 
lars unconnected with each other, whic 
where in many cases we cannot wi 
A navicular or boat- 
be opened into a flat surface, 
carinate, carinato-compress®, 
concavo-compressee, naviculari-com- 
em by most authors to be placed in 
description concave and keeled. In 
erstand the compound terms, such, 
to indicate an intermediate state ; | 
hard to say what idea was intended 
aped and keeled. Mertens and Koch 
nstead of concave. j | 
| so closed at the ends that it cannot 
We find this in degree in the glumes of many 
