Relationships existing amongst Natural Objects. 411 
the Carabideous genera thus analogically represented not less strong. The 
genus Carabus, for instance, comprises species (Carabus gemmatus, F.) which 
in their habit and the peculiar sculpture of their elytra analogically resemble 
Calosoma Scrutator, whilst Carabus Fabricii, &c., in the flattened form of the 
body represent Licinus. 
In like manner, Catascopus, belonging to one of the subfamilies of Carabide, 
represents, as Mr. Kirby, in the memoir above referred to, notices, some of the 
insects composing another subfamily, Bembidiidæ ; whilst Masoreus (a genus 
nearly allied to Trechus), in the posteriorly dilated thoracic lobe, represents 
Lebia, &c. 
These Carabideous insects must however be regarded as related together 
by affinity (as forming part of the same family), when a relation of ana- 
logy is endeavoured to be traced between them and the species of other fami- 
lies, as, for instance, between Carabus and the Helopideous genus Adelium, 
noticed above. 
In order to illustrate the relation of analogy exhibited by an insect belong- 
ing to one tribe but possessing the aspect of another, Mr. Kirby, in the memoir 
above referred to, described a genus under the name of Pseudomorpha, of 
which he says, “ that even a practical entomologist, if he chanced to examine 
a specimen that had lost its antennæ, might at first regard it as a Nitidula or 
Ips, F., or as coming near that genus in the system; but when he came to 
study it in detail he would discover to his surprise all the essential diagnostics 
of one of Latreille's Entomophagi. The characters which give it an air and 
general appearance unlike those of its tribe are its sessile wide head received 
into the thorax, and its short antennæ and legs." 
For the purpose of completing the illustrations of this curious genus given 
by Mr. Kirby in the plate accompanying his memoir, I have here added an 
outline figure of the insect now in the collection of the Entomological Society 
of London, the original being incorrect in the relative proportions of the legs, 
and no notice having been taken either in the description or figure of the 
erect rigid hairs with which the margins of the elytra are clothed. Mr. Kirby 
indeed describes the eyes as being “in medio pilosi;" but this is not correct, 
as it is only that part of the skull which borders the underside of the eyes 
which is furnished with rigid hairs, which extend beyond the middle of the 
