EME. | 94 
sons who were slightly affected, or affected not at 
all, with vomiting, or nausea, suffered excessively 
from an affection of the mind, and frequently from 
acute pain in the head, which was always con- 
siderably aggravated by the violent pitching of the 
ship. Such are the effects of sailing upon the 
- system as I have observed them, both in small 
vessels as packets, sloops of war, and in larger 
ones as frigates. I have never witnessed but three 
listressing cases of sea-sickness, one a land- 
man on board of the frigate United States, in 
whom great emaciation, loss of appetite, and a 
habitual convulsive retching, which continued 
after the ship came to anchor: and the other two, 
which were on board of the Essex, are particu- 
jarly mentioned in my ‘‘ Treatise on Marine Hos~ 
pitals, &c.” p. 153. 
“* The exercise of sailing is not only performed 
in a fine healthy and pure air, but it is constant 
in itself. ‘The veteran seaman has the same con- 
tinual action of nearly all the muscles of the 
body, perpetually exerting its salutary effects on 
the system, as the young sailor is subject to. But 
the mind loses in the first instance, by the influence 
of habit, its consciousness of this continued exer- 
tion of the muscles, In the latter case the exer- 
cise and consequences of sailing, are so novel 
and positive, that the mind dwells on them with 
more attention, until time and habit produce also 
on the new sailor, the same unconsciousness of the 
perpetual exertions of the body to preserve its pro- 
per position, and to prevent falling prostrate with 
every pitch of the vessel. 'The same unconscious~ 
ness of the operations of the mind and the synchro- 
nous action of the muscles of the body, takes 
place in many of our common actions, which from 
long practice are so adroitly performe ; 
frequently are inclined to believe them, and they 
d that we 
