a. 
exr.] 152 
bottles, are used according to convenience. For 
the Jast class a particular appoaratas has been de- 
vised. The distress, prostration and near danger 
and death which have resulted from the clyster 
of tobacco in the form of class 5th or 6th, have 
caused Mr. Earle to propose as a substitute for 
either, when the peculiar effect of tobacco is want- 
ed, suppositories of that plant which can be re- ' 
moved on accession of any undesired effect. 
, . Enemata act by distension, by the physical ef- 
fect of their temperature, or specific stimulus of 
their medicating ingredient on the bowels ; or by 
all combined, together with an impulsive stroke 
on the chain of sympathies involved in alvine se- 
cretions and dejections. When highly medicated 
with medicinal irritants, they have been accused 
ef inducing spasmodic constriction, instead of 
evacuant action, thus bolting the door already 
shut. I have known them to do this under my 
owneye. In such cases I have attributed the 
mischief to undue proportion of the prescribed 
drug, by carelessness, inattention to the directions 
of the physician, or ignorance of the nurse or 
friends. ‘This induces me to observe, that a pre- 
scription should always be written for a medicated 
clyster, unless in - simple one of laudanum, — 
scribed among intelligent and cautious people. Or, 
the medical siputauraliouht mix it himself and 
direct its exhibition. Simple aqueous clysters 
have been efficacious in removing a spasmodic state 
of the bowels, so as to overcome ileus. The mixed 
clysters are those most used in medical and domes- 
tic practice. In the former they are used to hasten 
the slow operation of cathartics, or to evacuate 
the bowels when the irritable state of the stomach 
causes it to reject medicines. In the later they 
are chiefly used as substitutes for cathartics. ‘The 
