BOARD OF HORTICULTURE 89 



a thick creamy consisteney that does not separate on cooling. This condition is 

 most readily brought aboiit l>y the use of a small liucket pump, forcing the Solu- 

 tion through the hose aud l)ac'k into the Container. 



About a seven per cent Solution will serve for most ordinary soft bodied 

 inseets. In some cases a heavier dosajre is necessary, and in a few cases a 

 weaker dilution is advisable. The following dilutions will proliably serve all 

 ordinary purposes. The figures are given on the basis of one gallon of the stock 

 Solution : 



To obtain four per cent Solution, add fifteen and two-thirds gallons of water. 



To obtain seven per cent Solution, add eight and one-half gallons of water. 



To obtain twelve per cent Solution, add four and one-half gallons of water. 



To obtain fifteen per cent Solution, add three and one-half gallons of water. 



Kerosene emulsion is particularly effective against the aerial form of the 

 wooly aphis and when properly prepared is a very effective contact insecticide. 



Summer applications of oil sprays are best applied on bright sunny days when 

 there is a slight breeze blowing. 



BORDEAUX 3nXTI'RE 



This fungicide has been for a long time the most widely used material for 

 Controlling fungous diseases of plants. It is now being supplanted to a consider- 

 able extent by lime-sulfur and other materials, although for certain diseases 

 Bordeaux is still the most efficient and safest preventive known. 



Bordeaux mixture is a combination of copper sulfate (bluestone) and lime. 



For Winter use it is generally made up in what is known as the 



6-6-50 Formula 



6 Ibs. bluestone (copper sulfate) 

 6 Ibs. stone lime (best grade) 

 50 gallons water 



For trees in leaf it is often made up in the 



4-4-50 Formula 



4 Ibs. bluestone f copper sulfate) 

 4 Ibs. stone lime (best grade) 

 50 gallons water 



Other proportions are also frequently used. 



Manufacture. It is of great importance that Bordeaux mixture be properly 

 prepared. It must be made fresh each time it is to be used. Stock Solutions of 

 bluestone alone or of lime alone may be kept almost indefinitely, but the mixed 

 lime and bluestone Solutions rapidly deteriorate on Standing. The barreis or 

 lanks in which Bordeaux mixture is made up and the Container for the stock 

 Solution of copper sulfate should always be of wood, since the copper will attack 

 and destroy iron. On this account it is well to have wooden hoops on the barreis. 

 The stone lime used should be of the. best quality. 



IROX SULFIDE MIXTURE 



"Iron Sulfide mixture" made according to Ballard's formula (U. S. Department 

 of Agriculture. Bulletin Xo. 120) has been found very successful for the control 

 of mildew alone on apples in California. A simplification of this method is 

 suggested for Oregon growers who may wish to experiment with this material. 



4 pounds iron sulfate (copperas) 



1 gallon lime-sulfur (.3-3 degrees Baume) 



200 gallons water 



