130 SIXTEENTH BIENNIAL REPORT 



rid of this infective, spore-producing material as far as practically possible, and 

 the prunings should be burned, as the cankers will continue to produce spores 

 even after removal from the tree. One unfortunate fact was discovered by Pro- 

 fessor H. S. Jackson, formerly plant patliologist at Corvallis, and that is that the 

 cankers will keep on producing spores for two or three successive seasons, and it 

 is probably true that spraying the cankers with Bordeaux will not altogether 

 stop this. Various materials are being tested in an effort to find something that 

 will prevent the cankers from sporulating, and there is good reason to believe that 

 this search will not be in vain, but even if a material is discovered which will do 

 this it will hardly be possible for the orchardist to find and destroy all the 

 cankers in his orchard, and there will still be breezes blowing in spores from the 

 outside. We must still expect to have to spray to keep ahead of the disease. 



In rainy falls, damage will result from fruit infections where there is much 

 authracnose in the orchard, and that is another reason for keeping the trouble 

 well uuder control. The infections will not show up very much. if at all, at pick- 

 ing time, for they have only started, but they will show up in storage as time goes 

 on, so that sometimes what appeared a pack of perfect fruit at harvest time will 

 be practically worthless l)y Feljruary or March, to the great disadvantage of the 

 grower and to the Oregon trade. Oregon can not afford to let the disease continue 

 its raids in our orchards. It can be kept down. So let us spray and spray right. 



DEVELOPING A WALNIJT GROVE 



By Charles Trunk, Dundee, Oregon 



This paper is not intended for those that have already planted walnut trees, 

 but for those that have it in their mind to plant a walnut grove, this, or in Coming 

 years. 



You naturally will ask, "Is it worth while to plant a walnut grove in Oregon? 

 Is it a wise move to buy a walnut grove, or buy the land and plant the trees. 

 taking chances of getting returns in later years?" To answer these questions I 

 will give you the history of our own walnut grove ; then you can make your own 

 conclusions whether you would become a walnut grower or not. 



I would like to state here, that, as the saying goes, I have no ax to grind ; I 

 have no walnut land to seil, nor am I engaged in the nursery business. I con- 

 sider it a very serious task to give you the facts abount walnut growing, so that 

 you will understand them. At my home place on the road between »Dundee and 

 Dayton. about ten acres of my land is adapted to the growing of walnuts ; the 

 rest is not, because it lies from twenty-five to fifty feet too low. The trees on 

 the land of the lower elevation grew well, but nevertheless the crop is not sure. 

 Every year there is a certain amount of danger of having the nuts frosted. 

 either in the spring or in the fall, whereas on our higher land. we never had any 

 damage by frost, thereby being certain of a füll crop of nuts every year. 



As a good many of you know, one of the oldest and largest walnut groves 

 in the state is at Dundee. planted by Thomas Prince. As I had land and soll 

 similar to the Prince place, I concluded to plant ten acres myself. This was in 

 1906, when walnut growing was still an experiment in this State. Many started 

 to plant when I made my first planting. Some got discouraged the first and sec- 

 ond years they had planted, and the rest feil by the wayside the foUowing years. 

 Today there are about a dozen of the old faithful growers left, and I respect these 

 men who had the staying quality to wait and see what a nut tree would really 

 do in this State, and we did prove that in this valley walnuts can be grown on a 

 paying basis, and that they are better flavored and better filled than anywhere on 

 the face of the earth. In 1908, 1909 and 1910, we added to our grove. Today 

 we have forty-six acres at various ages and we intend to plant twelve acres 

 more the Coming winter. This will show you that I have faith in this industry. 



