174 SIXTEENTH BIENNIAL REPORT 



immense trade with England, France and Germany resulted, up to the world 

 war, and will again be enlivened as soon as peace is fully settled. 



To illustrate : A wideawake fruit grower f rom southern Oregon wlio had taken 

 advantage of tliis research for markets sent a few boxes of apples to England by 

 way of experiment in 1897, 23 years ago, and sliortiy after I received a letter from 

 Hon. William Grunnell, American consul at Manchester, England, dated December 

 7, 1897, wliicli said : "In a lot of apples received from Oregon and on sale in tliis 

 city were found plaeards on wliich was printed 'Rogue River Valley apples from 

 the orchard of C. Kleinhammer, Phoenix, Oregon' ", saying finer fruit had never 

 been exhibited in that market and dealers wanted to secure the Output for another 

 year, which resulted in the shipping of 4,000 boxes the following year. 



Another instance in 1903. A gentleman eame to our office and presented his 

 eard, a Mr. Kruse. He proved to be a commission merchant from Hamburg, 

 Germany, and said to me, that lie was present when a car of apples was auctioned 

 off and was oue of tlie bidders. Ple was so impressed with the fine quality of these 

 apples that he had come over in person to make arrangements for his future sup- 

 ply. This car had lieen sent liy a commission liouse in Portland on Information I 

 lurnished them received in reply from the consul at Hamburg. 



These shipments were followed up very closely by various growers and 

 developed so rapidly that in 1905 nearly the entire Output of southern and 

 eastern Oregon-grown Newtowns and Jonathans, some two hundred and thirty- 

 five carloads, were shipped direct to England and Germany. These shipments 

 were distributed as f ollows : To Liverpool, 120 cars or 72,000 boxes ; to London, 

 45 cars or 27,000 boxes; to Glasgow, 8 cars or 4,800 boxes; to Manchester, 7 cars 

 or 4,200 boxes ; to Hamburg, 30 cars or 18,000 boxes ; to various points, 25 cars 

 or 15,000 boxes ; a total of 235 cars or 141,000 boxes. 



These apples netted the grower one dollar and fifty cents f. o. b. shipping 

 Station. While this was not a direct function of the Board yet my research proved 

 to be of immense benefit to the fruit industry of Oregon. 



Thousands of acres of fruits have been planted since our Organization, most 

 under our advice as to which sections are best adapted not only as to the kinds 

 of either apples, pears, prunes, cherries or walnuts, but which sections were more 

 congenial as to the variety, as to the soll and climatic conditions. 



A very important function of the Board, which in itself is a police duty, is 

 the quarantine we have established, by prohibiting the sale of any infected or in- 

 fested fruits in our markets, either home grown or imported from other states, 

 also inspection of nursery stock, either home grown or imported from other states, 

 and now that we have been appointed collaborators of the Federal Horticultural 

 Bureau, we are Government-Quarantine officers and inspectors of all kinds of 

 fruit Stocks, trees, shrulis and bullis from without the United States, which in it- 

 self is a very important function to prevent the introduction of new insects of fun- 

 gous diseases. 



In the absence of an Agricultural Board the function devolved upon us the in- 

 spection of potatoes and alfalfa. The alfalfa weevil so prevalent in our neighbor- 

 ing State, especially Idaho, is a menace to our large alfalfa plantatious, hence we 

 quarantine against shipping into Oregon any alfalfa hay and strict Orders have 

 been issued at our request by railroad officials to their agents along their 

 lines from receiving or delivering any hay from Idaho. Our commissioners and 

 inspectors are particularly vigilant against California shipment of potatoes, on 

 account of the tuber moth, eel worm, fusarian wilt and rhizoctonia ; hundreds of 

 car lots have been returned to California and some which were so badly infested 

 with tuber moths had to be steamed and destroyed, for fear the moths would es- 

 cape in return transit to California. 



Permit me to quote from Mr. Allen's report, Commissioner of Southern Oregon : 



"I think I may say without fear of contradiction that the work of the State 



