186 SIXTEENTH BI ENNIAL REPORT 



(b) Place second row of boxes across car directly in front of boxes in first 

 row, all boxes driven in tight contact with first row of boxes. 



(c) Continue in this nianner from each end of car, leaving space in door- 

 way for braciug. 



(d) Apply two car strips (%xli/4 in.) crosswise of car to every layer of 

 boxes in each stack to beight of load, including top layer, each strip to extend 

 completely across all boxes in layer to which applied. Ends of strips on first 

 layer to butt against one side of car. Ends of next set of strips to butt against 

 opposite side of car and alternate in this manner to top of load. Strips to be nailed 

 to each box with -Id nails. Or apply four car strips 4 ft. x % in. x li/4 in- crosswise 

 of car to every layer of boxes in each stack to height of load, including top 

 layer. Ends of strips to l)utt against each side of car. Strips to be nailed 

 to each box with 4d nails. 



(e) Bulkhead load in each end of car and brace as follows: 



Place a piece of 1x4 in. sound wood crosswise of car against bottom layer 

 at car floor, and at center of boxes in other layers, to height of load. 



Place a 2x4 in. sound wood upright against and at center of each row of boxes 

 next to car doors. If boxes loaded seven rows across car, place 2x4 in. sound 

 upright against and at center of third and fifth row of boxes, the second upright 

 from each side extending to roof of car, balance to height of load. If boxes 

 loaded eight rows across car, place 2x4 in. sound wood upright against and at 

 center of each row of boxes next to car doors. Place 2x4 in. sound upright 

 against and at intersection of second and third, fourth and fifth, and sixth and 

 seventh rows of boxes, the second upright from each side extending to roof of 

 car, balance to height of load. Each upright to be nailed to 1x3 in. crosspieces. 



Place two car strips across car, one opposite second layer from top of load, 

 the other at center layer nailed to each upright. 



Place three pieces 2x4 in. braces lengthwise of car between each upright ; one 

 at top, one at center, and one at car floor. Gross braces on floor to be cut longer 

 than space between uprights and driven down to car floor and toe-nailed to the 

 uprights. 



Center cross-braces to be cut longer than space between uprights and driven in 

 between uprights on top of the car strips and toe-nailed to the uprights. 



Insert top cross-braces last and in the same manner as center cross-braces. 



All wood for bracing to be sound. Dimensions named for strips and bracing 

 are the minimum. 



STANDARD PACKING AND GRADING RULES OF THE APPLE 

 GROWERS' ASSOCIATION, HOOD RIVER, OREGON 



Blue Diamond Grade (Growers Stamp "Extra Fancy" on Center of Box End) 



This grade is defined as smooth, mature, clean, handpicked, well-formed 

 apples only. Free from all insect pests, diseases, blemishes, bruises and other 

 physical injuries, scald, fungus, scale, dry or bitter rot, worms, worm stings, 

 worm holes. spray burn, limb rub, visible water core, skin puncture or skin 

 broken at the stem. 



The following varieties shall be admitted to this grade, subject to the color 

 requirements specified : 



Arkansas Blacks, Spitzenburgs, Winesaps. Must have not less than three- 

 fourths good red color. 



Jonathans and Delicious. Must have not less than two-thirds good red color. 



Oregon Reds. Must have three-fourths good red color and the characteristic 

 russeting of this variety must not extend to the cheek. 



