Sprays and Spraying. 55 



in this way each gallon of stock Solution represents one pound 

 of ingredients. Each should be stirred very thoroughly before 

 any is taken out. 



In making uo the mixture from these stock Solutions both 

 the copper sulphate and the lime should be diluted before being 

 mixed. Have two dilution barreis or tanks. If the 6-6-50 

 formula be used and the soray tank holds 100 gallons — take 

 12 gallons of copper sulphate stock Solution and dilute to 

 make 50 gallons in one barrel and take 12 gallons of the lime 

 paste and dilute in the same manner in another barrel. The 

 lime paste should be run through a fine strainer. 



For convenience it is well to have a platform built high 

 enough to permit the liquids to flow from the dilution tanks 

 into the spray cart. Allow the two diluted Solutions to run 

 together through a 20-mesh copper wire strainer into the 

 spray tank, mix well and apply at once. 



It is always best before applying the mixture to test with 

 potassium ferrocyanide. 



Buy 10 cents' worth of potassium ferrocyanide at the 

 druggist's and dissolve in the least possible amount of water. 

 Label the bottle poison. Take out a cupful of the well-stirred 

 mixture and allow a drop or two of the potassium ferro- 

 cyanide to drop into it. If the drop turns yellow or brown on 

 striking the mixture it will be necessary to add more lime. 

 Add lime tili no discoloration is seen when tested in this way. 

 If this precaution is not taken the spray may in jure the 

 foliage. 



Use a good pump that gives strong constant pressure ; have 

 good nozzles that give a fine, mist-like spray and cover the 

 tree thoroughly. 



Always rinse the spray tank, hose and rod with water after 

 using. Use only brass rods and connections as Bordeaux 

 mixture will gradually attack iron. 



Unfortunately, even the most carefully prepared Bordeaux 

 will sometimes cause serious "russetting" of the fruit of apple. 

 This russetting seems to be the most serious when rainy or at 

 least humid weather prevails at the time of the first spraying 

 after the blossoms fall, and as such conditions do usually thus 

 prevail, at least in the Willamette Valley, "spray injury" 

 following the use of Bordeaux often becomes almost as serious 

 as the fungus injury it was expected to prevent. 



SELF-BOILED LIME-SULPHUR. 



This mixture, introduced and perfected by Scott, of the 

 Department of Agriculture, is especially desirable for use on 



