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THE WESTERN HEMLOCK. 



Table 15. — Stand and yield per acre in typical localities. 



STELLA (120-YEAR OLD STAND). 

 [Average of 155 acres.] 



WILLAPA (90- YEAR OLD STAND). 

 [Average of 65 acres.] 



Hemlock 42. 4 



Red Fir .54. 6 



Spruce 13. 5 



Cedar .5 



Total 111.0 



13.9 



45.1 



6.7 



.2 



65.9 



22. 1 

 25.5 

 26.5 

 25.3 



23.9 



10.0 

 8.2 



8.4 



8,146 



39,344 



6,430 



140 



1.64 



54,060 



1.46 



SOUTH BEND (55- YEAR OLD STAND). 

 [Average of 131 acres.] 



UTILIZATION OF SECOND-GROWTH STANDS. 



Assuming that in the future there will be a considerable area of 

 second-growth Hemlock, the question arises, at what age can it be 

 most profitably logged and how shall the forest be perpetuated? This 

 can be discussed only in a general way, for it depends greatly upon 

 the development of Hemlock as a commercial timber and upon the uses 

 to which it is put. The tables in this report show that small sticks, 

 such as are suitable for trap poles, may be cut in fort}" years, and that 

 in fifty years logs will be produced which would be considered of fair 

 size in the East to-day. In this time, however, according to fig. 5, 

 there will be only a little over 2,000 feet to the acre, which even, allow- 

 ing a stumpage of $1 per 1,000 feet, is an insignificant amount. Con- 

 sidering it as a fifty-year investment, there will have been a mean 

 annual production of about 40 board feet an acre. At the end of sixty 

 years the stand will be 22,000 feet, or a mean yield of 366 feet. The 

 annual increment increases to 471 feet for a seventy-year period and 

 reaches 500 feet at eighty years. At eighty -five it is but a few feet 



