PRINCIPAL SPECIES OF EUCALYPTS GROWN IN AMERICA. 53 



Eucalyptus botryoides. 

 Bastard Mahogany. 



Characteristics. — The tree reaches a fairly large size (75 to 150 feet 

 high when fully grown), making a vigorous growth when young. 

 (PI. XI.) It is consequently a handsome tree during the early years 

 of its growth, and when fully grown is very stately in appearance. 

 (PI. XII.) The bark of the stem of the J 7 oung tree is quite smooth, but 

 that of the lower part of the trunk of the adult trees is rough, com- 

 monly persistent, and of a dark-gray or brownish color. The bark of 

 the branches and of the young trees flakes off, leaving a smooth 

 greenish or yellowish surface. The leaves are horizontally placed and 

 are rather large and thick, having a dark-green, shiny upper surface, 

 with a much paler under surface, the veins spreading like the parts of 

 a feather. The flowers are stemless, above medium in size, in close 

 clusters of 4 to 10, on rather stout, flattened stalks. The seed cases 

 are cup-shaped or goblet-shaped, of rather large size, in compact 

 clusters. (See PI. LI.) 



Climatic requirements. — This species thrives in a coast region, but 

 is not suited to regions having a dry climate. In Australia it seems 

 to prefer moist, sandy situations close to the seaeoast, and, according 

 to Baron von Mueller, will thrive in a soil containing stagnant water. 

 In California it grows successfully in quite a variety of situations within 

 50 miles of the coast, having been quite extensively planted about 

 Santa Barbara and Montecito, where it does well. 



Uses. — This tree is one that can be used as a forest cover for low- 

 lands in moderately humid regions where heavy frosts do not occur. 

 On account of the nature of the foliage it is useful as a shade tree 

 in many situations. The timber is called "swamp mahogany" and 

 "bastard mahogany" in Australia, where the colonists of different 

 sections hold it in differing degrees of esteem. Mr. Maiden thinks the 

 latter may be due to a confusion of names. Mr. Bailejr and Baron 

 von Mueller both report the timber to be valuable, while Mr. Maiden 

 speaks of it as "an inferior hard wood, both on the score of strength 

 and durability." Baron von Mueller and Mr. Bailey report the timber 

 as tough, hard, and durable, useful for beams in large buildings, knees 

 of boats, for posts, for the parts of wagons, and for shingles. The 

 wood is of a reddish color and close-grained. Baron von Mueller 

 states that posts formed of it are very lasting, no decay having been 

 observed after fourteen years of use. 



Eucalyptus calophylla. 



Characteristics. — This is a moderate-sized tree, differing considera- 

 bly in appearance from most other Eucalypts. (PI. XIII.) The bark 

 is rough, and grayish or brownish in color. The broad leaves are 



