being inferior only in size, which selection and 'breeding should overcome in time. 

 The English varieties, however, have been largely planted of late years, as good 

 methods have proved that the mildew can be effectually controlled. Then, too, 

 the jam factories are taking large quantities of these varieties, and it is probably 

 to this fact mostly, that the stimulus in planting English gooseberries is owing. 

 Also English gooseberries usually bring a higher price on the market on account 

 of their sizze and fine appearance. 



Propagation. 



The Currant. — Currants are usually propagated from cuttings. The cut- 

 tings should be made about six to eight inches long and care taken to make 

 the base of the cutting square across and just below a bud. This facilities cal- 



FiG. 4. — Whitesmith gooseberries growing under peach trees. Orchard of 



J. E. Henry, Winona. 



lusing over of the cut and therefore rooting. The upper cut should be made at 

 least half an inch above the top bud so that there is no danger of the wood 

 drying out past that point. A strong growth is desired from the top bud, and if 

 the wood is cut closer than half an inch, the growth is likely to be weakened. 



After the cuttings have been made as described, they may be planted right 

 in the nursery row — the usually recommended plan — or they may be heeled in. 

 Another method, and one which is possiblv better than either of the foregoing, 

 is that followed by Mr. J. E. Henry of Winona. He takes the cuttings in the 

 late winter and stores them in the cellar, thoroughly covering them with damp 

 sawdust which holds' moisture better than sand. This covering with sawdust en- 

 courages a mass of rootlets to start. Early in the spring the cuttings are set 

 out. 



