BULLETIN 212] [APRIL, 1913 



Ontario Department of Agriculture 



FRUIT BRANCH 



An Orchard Survey 



of Dundas, Stormont and Glengarry 



F. S. Reeves 



Eecognizing the importance of developing the apple industry in these and 

 neighboring counties, the Department deemed it advantageous to prepare this survey 

 in order to show what had been accomplished, and, if possible, to more strongly 

 demonstrate what may be achieved by developing orchards of varieties of apples 

 which seem to be especially adapted to this section, and which at the same time 

 are commanding the highest prices on our Canadian markets. To do this every 

 apple orchard was visited and careful notes made and the whole information 

 compiled for the use of the farmers in this section. 



In order to obtain explicit information as to the existing orchard conditions, 

 a farm-to-farm survey was made. Individual ferms for each orchard were used 

 and contained the following information : Owner's name, post:oflBce, county, location, 

 township, acres in farm, acres in fruit, number and age of bearing trees, acres 

 bearing, distances of planting, number and age of non-bearing trees, acres non- 

 bearing, site, aspect, planting plan, nature of other crops in the orchard, varieties^ 

 type of soil, depth, sub-soil, drainage, tillage — kind and frequency, cover crop, num- 

 ber of years tillage and sowing of cover crop has been practised, kind of sod,,, 

 number of years in sod, method of treatment of sod; fertilizers,— kind, quantity 

 and frequency applied; pruning— time, method, frequency, severity, thinning; 

 spraying— machinery, mixtures and times of applying, diseases, insects, present, 

 condition of orchard, packages used, where and by whom packing was done, yields,, 

 prices, income per acre, where and how sold, and remarks on any subject pertaining 

 to the orchard not contained in the above. Most of the farmers were able to supply 

 fairly accurate information, so that the data gathered can be relied upon. With but 

 few exceptions, no farmers kept any records or accounts of their orchards, and for 

 this reason prices and yields for two years back only were obtainable, as beyond tliat 

 it would be merely guess work and unreliable as subject matter for this survey. In 

 all, about two hundred and fifty orchards were visited, and as much time as was 

 required was spent with all farmers who showed a disposition to seek any informa- 

 tion, or could be induced to talk of their experiences, both favorable and adverse, of 

 the apple industry. 



Tekeitoet Coveeed. 



The territory covered is the first concession bordering along the north bank of 

 the St. Lawrence Eiver from Summerstown in Glengarry County to the western 



