10 



SACBEOOD. 



A disease slightly resembling Foul Brood is called by some " Starved Brood," 

 and by others "Pickled Brood." It has recently been described and named by 

 White "Sacbrood." The most positive difference in the diagnosis of this disease 

 is the absence of ropiness and of the glue-pot smell, which are always found in 

 American Foul Brood. In Sacbrood the larva decays from the inside, leaving 

 the skin tough and in its natural shape; in European Foul Brood or American 

 Foul Brood, the skin of the larva softens as the contents bgcome glutinous, and 

 all the natural wrinkles become smooth as the mass settles to the lower side of 

 the cell. In Sacbrood the larva often dries up so as to become loose in the cell and 

 fall out when the comb is inverted. In American Foul Brood it always cements 

 fast to the lower cell wall, so it cannot be removed without tearing the cell. Euro- 

 pean Foul Brood attacks the larva generally at an earlier stage in its existence 

 than Sacbrood. 



" Sacbrood is an infectious disease of the brood of bees caused by an infect- 

 ing agent that is so small, or of such a nature, that it will pass through the pores 

 of a Berkefeld filter." (U.S. Dept. of Ag., Bureau of Ent, Cir. No. 169.) 



Ee-queening with vigorous queens from other apiaries will often effect a cure 

 and it often disappears of its own accord, 



SoiiE Peecautions. 



Since disease is so widely distributed some precautions should be observed by 

 all beekeepers. 



1. Great care should be taken in spring to prevent robbing, particularly if 

 any diseased colonies are in the apiary or neighborhood. 



2. Since honey is the means of transmitting disease it is a safe rule to never 

 feed honey to the bees. Syrup made from granulated sugar is quite as good as 

 the best of honey for winter stores. 



3. So far as possible supply your home market with honey, to avoid the danger 

 of infected honey being shipped in. 



4. When buying queens it is a safe rule to destroy the cages, candy, and worker 

 bees that accompany them, using a fresh cage for introducing. 



5. Persons buying bees from any beekeeper in Ontario, can get information 

 from the Provincial Apiarist as to the condition of the apiary in question. 



INSPECTION OF APIAEIES. 



The Inspection of Apiaries is provided for by an Act passed by the Legislative 

 Assembly of the Province of Ontario which allows the appointment of what inspec- 

 tors are required by the Lieutenant-Governor in Council upon the recommendation 

 of the Minister of Agriculture. The duties and powers of these inspectors are also 

 defined, and provision is made to ensure the prompt reporting and careful treat- 

 ment of cases of disease. 



