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Both inlets and outlets should be fitted with slides on the inside of the pen, so 

 that the inflow and outflow of air may be regulated to suit circumstances. There 

 should also be a guard placed in front of the opening, several inches from the 

 wall, to turn the current of cold air upwards, and thus prevent a direct draught 

 into the pen. 



If a feed cooker is used, it could be utilized to great advantage in assisting 

 ventilation. If the building is not a very long one, the chimney may be con- 

 structed at the opposite end of the building from the feed cooker, and the pipe 

 from the feed cooker run the whole length of the building before it enters the 

 chimney. In a long building the chimney may he placed about the centre, so as 

 not to have too great length of stove-pipe. The heat from the stove-pipe has a 

 wonderful influence in aiding the circulation of air in the pen, as well as modify- 

 ing the temperature and helping to keep the air dry. 



In fact, where winter litters are raised in large pens, some helpful device 

 like this is absolutely necessary. 



Light. — Light, especially sunlight, has a wonderful influence in promoting 

 health. So far as possible, the windows should be on the south side of the building, 

 because the south side gets the most sun and is least exposed to cold winds. 



Draughts. —While ventilation is necessary, draughts are extremely injurious, 

 and their prevention should be kept in view when building. 



Warmth. — Warmth is a good thing, but it should not be secured at the 

 expense of ventilation. A somewhat cold pen, well ventilated, but free from 

 draughts, is preferable to a warm pen where the air is damp and foul, and the 

 pigs will suffer less discomfort in the former than in the latter. Very young 

 pigs require warmer quarters than older ones, and when a sow farrows in winter 

 special pains should be taken to secure warmth and freedom from draughts. If 

 ishe is in a large piggery it is often a help to lay poles across the tops of the 

 partitions over the bed and then cover these poles with straw. 



Plan of Piggery. 



A feature of this piggery is the placing of the pens and out-door yards on 

 the south side of the building. The main windows are placed on the south side 

 also, thus letting the sunlight freely into the pens. The main objection to the 

 plan is the fact that it is not economical of space, because the same passage could 

 be made to serve another row of pens on the opposite side. By making the build- 

 ing about twelve feet wider, a row of pens could be put on each side of the passage, 

 in which case it would be necessary to provide for a feed-room, because it would 

 not be practicable to have the feed-bins in the passage. The feed passage conTd 

 be made narrower if the feed-bins were removed. 



Troughs. — Better made of cement. Eight inches high next to the passage, 

 four inches high next to the feeding pen, and ten inches wide, inside measure- 

 ment, are suitable dimensions. 



The dotted line running along the back of the feeding floor indicates the 

 drain, which may be given a fall towards either end of the pen, to suit cir- 

 cumstances. 



The beds should be raised several inches above the feeding floor, and given 

 a slight fall towards the drain. The feeding floor should be given a fall from 

 the trough to the drain. 



Floors are cement. Cement makes a durable, clean, sanitary floor. A cement 

 floor may be made as dry and practically as warm as a wooden floor by putting 



