8 AMERICAN VARIETIES OF VEGETABLES. 



altogether, a large number of cases where the}- are not so; besides this 

 there are often recognized by different seedsmen several widely dif- 

 ferent types under the same variety name. Then also certain words 

 which might be dropped from most names must be retained in others, 

 as, for example, ''extra" and "early," which may be dropped from 

 the variety of bean known as Extra Early Red Valentine, but must be 

 retained in the Extra Early Refugee variety to separate it from the 

 distinct variety commonly known as Refugee. For these reasons very 

 few inflexible rules for shortening and simplifying our variety names 

 can be laid down. It will require extensive field tests to determine all 

 of our synonymous varieties, but it is hoped that this list, perfected 

 by successive additions and corrections, will bring about a better 

 understanding of varieties, especially as regards synonyms, and finally 

 establish a body of distinct varieties, eliminating many synonyms 

 which now claim the attention of the trade and public as representing 

 distinct varieties. 



Another improvement which this list should bring about is the pre- 

 vention of the duplication of old names or the giving to new varieties 

 names which closely resemble some old name. Introducers of new 

 varieties have sometimes given names to their introductions exactly 

 duplicating names already applied to other varieties, or if not dupli- 

 cating them very much resembling them, not knowing, of course, that 

 such names existed. By referring to this list introducers will here- 

 after have a means of preventing the confusion arising from this source. 



RULES OF NOMENCLATURE. 



In preparing this list the following words and phrases have been 

 omitted from the variety name as being unnecessary, and multiplying 

 names which mark no real varietal differences: Improved, extra, per- 

 fected, pedigree, select, extra select, choice, extra choice, superior, 

 celebrated, fine, famous, our, our own, true, new, the, and the names 

 of persons. Exceptions have been made and some of the above words 

 retained where they are supposed or claimed to indicate a real differ- 

 ence in type or where the dropping of such a word would be confusing 

 and misleading because the variety is generally and familiarly known 

 only by the full name, as in case of Horsford's Market Garden and 

 Nott's Excelsior peas. The words giant, mammoth, large, early, and 

 extra early have in every case been retained, because, though not 

 usually indicating a difference in type, there are many cases where 

 they do indicate such a difference. There is, perhaps, more reason for 

 retaining the words ' ' improved " and ' ' perfected" and the names of per- 

 sons than the other words mentioned as omitted, and for this reason they 

 have been allowed to stand in the groups of similar names, though, as 



