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(Fungi). 



White Rust (Albugo Candida) : Small, white blisters form on the 

 under side of the leaves ; and when these blisters rupture the summer 

 spores are set free as a white powder. Winter spores are also formed 

 within the leaf, and are liberated the following spring on the decay of the 

 tissues. This fungous disease, although not a serious one, is quite com- 

 mon, and is found on cress, turnip, cabbage, Shepherd's Purse, and 

 mustard. 



Treatment : Destroy all diseased plants. 



Downy Mildew (Peronospora parasitica) : This disease occurs also 

 on cabbage, turnip, and other Cruciferous plants. It is found along with 

 the white Rust as whitish, filmy patches on the under surface of the leaf 

 and discolored brownish-yellow spots on the upper surface. Both summer 

 and winter spores are formed, the latter within the leaf. 



Treatment : Destroy all diseased plants. 



Damping-Off (Pythium debaryanum) : Damping-Off is a very com- 

 mon disease, affecting the seedling stage of many plants, more especially 

 Cruciferous plants, such as radish, mustard, cabbage, and stock. The 

 affected parts topple over near the surface of the soil, and the stem at 

 that point is shrivelled, weak and black. The disease spreads rapidly in 

 moist situations, and much difficulty is experienced sometimes in growing 

 the plants. Besides summer spores, resting spores are formed, which 

 may remain dormant in the soil for many months. 



Treatment: Avoid excessive watering of seed-bed, and sow thinly; 

 avoid shade for the seed-bed ; burn all diseased plants ; never use soil that 

 has borne plants diseased with Damping-Off ; in gardens bury the upper 

 layers deeply with the plow. 



Squash. 



(See insects affecting the Cucumber.) 



Tomato. 



(Insects.) 



Tomato-Worm (Phlegethontius celeus) : The larva is about three 

 inches long and has a horn-like structure on the last segment. The 

 general color is light green with oblique whitish bands on each side. 

 The eggs are deposited on the leaves of the tomato and potato. The 

 pupa has a long tongue case, and is passed in the ground. 



Remedy : Hand picking, spray with arsenical poisons. 



Cutworms : For description of habits and life-history, see insects 

 affecting the cabbage. 



Remedy : Poisoned bran, sweetened with a little molasses and made 

 into moist balls the size of a plum. Do not use this treatment unless 

 stock and poultry are excluded. 



