18 



to the problem. But schools are made up of single boys and girls. And 

 modern education is for individuals, not for classes. It may be a parent 

 or ex-pupil whom the teaching reaches. This is good, too. It is the 

 teacher's work, no less. 



For the care of wood lots the following suggestions are offered : — 

 i. Cattle should be kept out, as they prevent reproduction by brows- 

 ing off seedlings, and by trampling the ground hard great loss of moisture 

 by evaporation occurs. 



2. Protective belts of coniferous trees such as White or Norway 

 Spruce should be planted on the edges. The prevailing south-west winds 

 of summer are very drying in an open woods. Fall winds tend to drive 

 the leaves to the fences and prevent formation of the necessary humus. 



3. Inferior species of trees, such as Hawthorns and Ironwood, 

 should be removed, and their places filled with species of value. This 

 may be done by dibbling in seed. Enquiry regarding the valuable trees 

 that were originally on the land will be the key to the planting. 



4. Defective and over-mature trees should be removed. It is a mis- 

 take to think that a tree goes on forever improving. New trees might 

 just as well be growing in their place. 



5. Open spaces that have become grass or weed-grown should be 

 cleaned and filled up with nursery stock. 



Our forest trees that should be cultivated : 



Species. 



White pine < 



Tamarack 



Black spruce 



White epruce 



Norway spruce 



Hemlock 



Balsam fir 



White cedar 



Willows and poplars. . 



Basswood 



Black walnut 



Butternut 



Hickory 



Chestnut 



Beech 



Oaks 



Elms 



Sugar maple 



Manitoba maple 



Silver maple 



Red maple 



Ashes 



Black cherry 



Locusts 



Sycamore 



Tulip-tree 



Time to 

 collect seeds. 



Last of August, 

 September. 

 September. 



Sept. and Oct. 





July. 



October. 



Sept. and Oct. 



if 

 Oct. and Nov. 



Sept. and Oct. 

 May and June. 



October. 

 Oct. and Nov. 



May and June. 



<f 



October. 

 August. 



October. 



Oct. and Nov. 

 October. 



Time to 

 sow seeds. 



Storage. 



Height of 



one year old 



seedlings. 



J Spring. 



Spring. 



Sow at once. 

 Spring or fall. 



1 1 



Sow at once. 



Spring or fall. 

 f * 



Sow at once. 



ft 



Spring or fall. 



Drv and cold. 



Drv and cold. 



Bury in sand. 



f t 

 ft 



Burv in sand, 

 it 



Bury in sand. 

 Dry & cold best. 



Burv in sand. 



2*— 3* inches. 



2—3 . " 



14— 2* " 



14—2* v 



1* — 24 " 



2—3* " 



14—2* " 



6—12 " 



10—14 " 



10—14 " 



6—9 " 



5—9 " 



5—10+ " 

 6—12 " 



12—20 " 

 6—10 " 



8—14 " 

 f Black 18—20- 

 \ Honev 6—14 



2a bull. 152 



