13 



the standing-, full grown trees. In this case the injurious effects are 

 scarcely noticeable to the common observer owing to his lack of know- 

 ledge as to what healthy tree growth actually means. The annual amount 

 of wood production is far below what it should be when the soil condi- 

 tions are in an abnormal state from grazing. 



Fig. 5— Tops of trees dying from effects of stock grazing. 



Many woodlots contain trees that have not reached maturity, but 

 whose tops are dying. Such trees are spoken of as being stag-headed. 

 Stag-headedness is caused by lack of nourishment and moisture in the 

 soil, a result of grazing. 



