them all the straw they can eat, and then swear at them because they 

 will not give more milk. 



It is little wonder that many farmers are unable to obtain satisfac- 

 tory milk production. They do not feed. If you ask a cow what she 

 would rather have to eat, she would answer, "Give me juicy, succulent 

 grass, and I will give you plenty of milk." For five or six months of the 

 year the farmer must substitute for grass such food as mangels, carrots, 

 and corn silage. Turnips should not be fed to cows producing milk 

 Some people enjoy the flavor of turnips in milk, but the majority do not 

 If you want the best quality of milk, do not feed turnips. We shouki 

 recommend the following ration for winter milk production : 8 to 10 

 pounds clover hay, 30 to 40 pounds corn silage, 20 to 30 pounds mangels, 

 8 to 10 pounds meal made up of equal parts of oats and bran by weight 

 and 1 to 2 pounds of oil-cake, gluten meal, or pea meal. The ration to 

 be given in two feeds daily to each cow. A cow does not need to be fed 

 more than twice a day under ordinary conditions. 



Give the cow plenty of water. How much water do you think was 

 drunk by the cow that gave 96 pounds of milk in one day? Nearly 200 

 pounds. That does not mean that the milk was water, as her milk tested 

 about 3.5 per cent. fat. You cannot water milk through the cow. Only 

 man has learned that trick. 



Next, give the cow plenty of salt. Treat her kindly. Treat her as 

 if she were your friend. Any man who will kick a cow or strike her 

 with a pitch-fork should be taken by the back of the neck and kicked out 

 of doors. 



The cow house should be kept clean and sweet and well ventilated. 

 It is impossible to get good milk from a cow kept in a stable that is not 

 clean. I would like you to see the stable in connection with our College, 

 and I think you would agree with me that the air of that stable is prob- 

 ably as pure as it is in this room. Such a condition can be got at 

 small expense. Bulletin 143 gives instruction as to how to ventilate a 

 cow stable at small cost. No man should keep his cows in a small, damp, 

 filthy house and expect good milk fit for human use. The cows must be 

 kept clean. If you suggest currying the cows, farmers will laugh at you, 

 but nevertheless, cows need to be regularly brushed and curried. They 

 need to be kept clean as much as horses, if not more so. It is impossible 

 to get clean milk from dirty cows. You have only to notice the sediment 

 in a milk bottle to know that this is a fact. The people of this country 

 should rise and demand clean, sweet milk. 



Next, cows should be milked in a kindly manner. The person doing 

 the milking should have on clean clothes. Men do the milking, as a rule. 

 Women should not be asked to go to the barn to milk cows, and especi- 

 ally not through a dirty barnyard, into a dirty barn, to milk dirty cows. 

 As a rule, the milking should be done by a man. He should have on 

 clean clothes, and should wash his hands before milking. The average 

 man will think nothing of sitting down to milk with dirty hands. Milk 

 in a quick manner into a clean pail. The milk, immediately after it is 



