28 INVESTIGATIONS OF RUSTS. 



E. and K.is .still producing tecidiospores on CaUirrhoe involuetxtta out- 

 doors here tit Manhattan at the time of this writing- (October 15, 1893), 

 and Mr. E. Bartholomew, of Rooks County, Kans., tells me that he has 

 seen in December iiecidiospores on specimens of this host growing close 

 by a large snowdrift. In the spring a^cidiospores of this species begin 

 forming about the first day of April." On December !^0, 18'.>3, after 

 the al)ove was transmitted for publication, the rust was found still alive 

 although it had been under 4 inches of snow. In a water-drop cul- 

 ture of some of the material four spores germinated in twenty-four 

 hours. Since that time, at later dates in the winter the living rust has 

 been found, but close within the rootstock, with a faint color still, 

 but producing no spores. The peculiar manner of growth of the rust, 

 permeating the entire host and producing scattering sori all along 

 the stems to their bases, as well as on the leaves, and the difficulty of 

 germinating the spores harmonize also with the idea of a propagation 

 by perennial mycelium. Besides the above instance other cultures of 

 the spores.were made as follows: At Manhattan, Kans., Ma}^ 1^0, 1893, 

 spores from CaUirrhoe olcdBoides, only a few germinations in forty- 

 eight hours; at Manhattan, June 9, 1893, spores from C. hivolucrata 

 germinated sparingly in t wen tv-five hours; at Manhattan, January 30, 

 1894, spores from C. involucrata growing in greenhouse, fair germi- 

 nation in sixty hours. 



In the winter of 1896-97 infected plants of ('. inmlucmta wei-e 

 obtained from Kansas and grown in a greenhouse at Washington, 

 D. C, and on March 17, 1897, inoculations of seedlings of the follow- 

 ing grasses with spores from these plants failed to produce infections: 

 Agropyron occidentale^ A. richmxhoni^ Sitanion cJyiiwides^ Elymus 

 canadensis^ and Bontelona raceinosa. 



Rust of Peucedanum Fceniculaceum. 



An ^Ecidium occurs on this host in Kansas and Nebraska which has 

 been reported as ^:^. anisotomes Reich., but the identity of which is 

 not yet determined « satisfactoril}" to the writer. At certain places a 

 Puccinia follows the ^Ecidium so closely that their connection is very 

 probable. Both forms are particularly abundant at Manhattan, Kans. 

 On April 25, 1893, at that place, it was determined })y the study of 

 many cross sections of the host plant that the mycelium of the ^'Ecid- 

 ium extends into the rootstock. It is one of the earliest rusts in the 

 spring to appear in that locality. These facts make it pro]>able that 

 this rust is also perennial. On the other hand, it is possible that the 

 teleutospores of the Puccinia may produce a ver}^ early infection at 

 the base of the young shoots, resulting in the ^Ecidium, although in 

 some localities no Puccinia has yet been found following the ^^^cidiuni. 



«The species is probably Puccinia jonesiiFk. , with the pecidial stage present. 



