SKl'TKMHKK, 11K)0, TO UE("KM1?EK. l!H)3. 151 



-■irtt; grown in that vicinity. It is ordinarily sown lu'ri' in XoveinlK'r and ripens 

 ally in Juui', hut it is worth trying as a spring wheat in the northi-rn I'ni ted States. 

 The saniple ohtained is from the farm of Si. J. Lahouresse, of Tessala, near Sidi-hel- 



Alilx'S, whieh latter is one of the noted wheat growing districts of Algeria, possessing 



a light rich soil." {Fairchild and Hcojield.) 



7580. Tkiticum durum. "Wheat. 



From Batna. C'onstantine, Algeria. Received tlirough Messrs. D. G. Fairchild 

 and C. S. Scotield (No. 729), Septend)er 2(i, 1!H)1. 



Adjini. "This wheat is from stock grown by the Arabs on the rolling lamls of 

 the Aures Mountains, east of Batna, where the summer temperature often reaches 

 100° F. and where it freijuently drops to zero in winter. It is a variety highly 

 spoken of by the macaroni mamifacturers of Marst'ille, and, although rapidly dete- 

 riorating in (|uality, when cultivati'd there, has given very good yields when grown 

 without irrigation on lower lands of the liigh jilateau of the jtrovinceof C'onstantine. 

 The soil on these lands is excessively rich in suli)hate of magnesia and is of a hard 

 and gravelly nature. Although a winter wheat in Batna, being sown in December 

 or .January and harvested early in .Inly, it will be worth a trial in the s|»ring-wheat 

 region. The stied obtaiiu'd is from .Vrab growers, whose methods of culture art' very 

 primitive, and the Department is indebted to Mr. (i. Ryf, manager of the(ieneva 

 Society of Setif, for its jjurchase from them." ( Fnirchild and Srojield. ) 



7581. TitiTicuM DURUM. Wheat. 



From El-Outiiva, Constantine, Algeria. Received through Messrs. D. (>. Fair- 

 child and C."S. Scofield (No. 730), Septendjer 26, 1901. 



Kahla. "This wheat will be found to differ from the Knliln, No. 77H4, of the 

 high j>lat(>au region, as it comes from jilants grown by irrigation on the somewhat 

 salty sands of tlie nortliern Sahara Desert. It is one of the few sorts of wheats that 

 maintain their good quality when grown year after year in slightly alkaline soils. 

 It is highly valued by the Arabs for its rich content of ela.stic gluten. It is grown 

 on land that probably has at least 5 j)er cent of salt in it and the irrigation water 

 itself with which the |)lants are irrigated is slightly salty, not so salty, however, as 

 to l)e((iiite undrinkable. The wheat is planted in l']i-( )utaya in Deci'nd)er or .January, 

 but it might be worth trying as a spring wheat in the Nortii. This seed is from the 

 farm of Mr. Charles des Places at El-()utaya. As a macaroni wheat its rank is not 

 known, but its ability to grow in alkaline soil makes it especially valuable for any 

 experiments in the irrigated salt lands of America. We were told that a change of 

 seed was especially beneficial on these salt lands. (2'ifi'itities of wheat are brought 

 down from the neighboring mountains to plant on these salt lands. This change 

 of seed forbids the formation of any salt-resistant race, but does not change the 

 interest in these wheats for other salt lands." {FairchUd inid Scofield.) 



7582. Tkiticum vtilgare. "Wheat. 



From p]l-Outava, Constantine, Algeria. Received through Messrs. D. G. Fair- 

 child and C."8. Scofield (No. 731), September 26, 1901. 



Fretes. ' ' This variety, sometimes called Freitisfi, is one of the few' soft wheats grown 

 in Algeria. It is particularly noted for its early maturity and is often extensively 

 planted in the Sahara Desert in seasons when the winter rains occur so late that the 

 durum varieties usually grown would not have time to mature. When planted in 

 Novendoer, as it is in Algeria, at the same time with durum varieties, it is said to ripen 

 two months in advance of them. The seed obtained was grown on the rather ^alty 

 desert sands in the vicinity of El-Outaya, north of Biskra, and watered with some- 

 what alkaline but still drinkable irrigation water. The variety is said to have origi- 

 nated from a shipment of Russian wheat which was made into Algeria at the time of 

 a famine many years ago. Its early maturing qualities attracted attention, and it has 

 been cultivated in small quantities by the Arabs ever since. The seed obtained is 

 from the farm of Mr. Charles B. des Places. ' ' ( Fairchild and Scofield. ) 



7583. HoRDEUM TETRASTicHUM. Barley. 



From El-Outaya, Constantine, Algeria. Received through Messrs. D. G. Fair- 

 child and C." S. Scofield (No. 732), September 26, 1901. 



Beldl. "This and the following variety (No. 7584) are sorts planted on the saline 

 soils of the edge of the Sahara Desert. They are grown by irrigation, but the irriga- 



