5(i RANGE INVESTIGATIONS TN ARIZONA. 



plants upon the northern slope of the Santa Rita Mountains. The 

 lupine:; are very conspicuous upon the higher mesas and foothills, and 

 are often g-i-azed a little, but they aie not relished like the species of 

 lotus. Two species are very common. Lupin us JeptophyJJas often 

 gives its characteristic purple to large areas in steep ravines and hill- 

 sides, while L. concinnm is fully as abundant in places. 



Miscellaneous species such as Baerhi gracilis and Bailey a multira- 

 diata are abundant enough to impart their characteristic golden color 

 to the landscape at times. CahjpiridiaiH iiionandrinn and Sphxros- 

 tig III < I ehdnienerioidex both contribute to the forage ration. The two 

 first mentioned in this paragraph are composites, and are grazed l)y 

 horses, especially when the^' are in bloom. Ver}^ little aside from the 

 heads is eaten. Chsenactu .stevioides, another composite annual, is 

 much more abundant in man}' places than these, but it is seldom eaten. 

 In the spring of 19(»3 cattle in the vicinity of Santa Rosa, where the 

 country was white with it. were grazing upon it a little. Mr. Charles 

 Howard, of Ashfork, reports that his flocks subsist for weeks upon 

 fTi/ninoIomia a?i/)U(/. vrhich is a particularly conspicuous thing upon 

 these highlands. 



MISCELLANEOUS BROWSE PLANTS. 



Besides the saltbushes and their relatives, the majority of which are 

 browse plants, a large number of other shrubs furnish feed for stock. 

 These plants are especialh^ valuable during the two seasons of short 

 feed. The value of the mesquite is proverbial, on account of the large 

 (Quantity of beans which it furnishes for winter and fall feed; but it is 

 also grazed during the summer dry season. The cat claw {Acacia 

 greggii) and Acacia constricta are second in importance only to the 

 mesquite as browse plants, but their fruit is of practically no value to 

 stock. The twigs of the YAvxq ^\x\o\QvdiQ{Pai'Miisonia torreyana)vin^ 

 bigota {P. acnleata) also make winter feed of considerable importance. 

 Jojoba {Simondsia calif arnica)^ abundant in the foothills and lower 

 mountain areas, appeals to be the most important browse plant in these 

 situations. The central foreground of Plate VI, figure 1, sliows how 

 this shrub, which is normally 4 or more feet high, was grazed during 

 the past season near Dudley villc. Mr. Ed. Vail reports this one of the 

 most important browse plants in the valleys west of the Babuquivari 

 Mountains. Eriogomim laicroiheciun and Calliandra erioplujUa are 

 also of nmch importance in the higher foothills and lower mountains. 

 There are large areas on the east and southeast of the Huachuca Moun- 

 tains, where the first has practically taken possession. It appears to 

 spread with excessive gi-azing in this locality, and it is therefore very 

 fortunate that it is of some forage value. These shrubs are especially 

 characteristic of the southern regions. 



The scrub live oaks of the entire Territory of Arizona form a class 



