EXPERIMENTS WITH THE DAISY ORGANISM. 25 



was used, but no elevations were discernible at points where the 

 yellow organisms were used nor on the control plants. 



Knots of considerable size subsequently developed in some of the 

 pricked spots, but they were not watched and the labels were lost off. 



CONFIRMATORY INOCULATIONS AND CROSS INOCULATIONS. 



Further inoculations by the writers of this bidl(>tin were then made 

 as follows with the daisy organism and with the same or similar 

 bacteria plated from galls on other host plants, the organism from 

 tlie daisy being described after a few months as Bacterium tumefa- 

 ciens Smitli and Townscnd (Science, Apr. 26, 1907, pp. 071-673; and 

 Centralb. fur Bakt., 2. Abt., XX. Bd., December, 1907, pp. 89-91.) 



EXPERIMENTS WITH THE DAISY ORGANISM. 



DAISY ON DAISY." 



Inoculations of November 27, 1906 (Brown). 



Made 28 inoculations into marguerite daisies, using 4 different 

 organisms plated from a dais}" gall found in the greenhouse (probably 

 produced by one of Aliss Haskins's inoculations — labels lost off). 

 Inoculated each organism into 7 different daisy plants at the tip. 

 The cultures were 2 days old. 



Result. — December 12: All 7 plants inoculated with the white 

 organism (designated B) had knobby outgrowths. No protuber- 

 ances were visible an plants inoculated with the other organisms. 



December 18: Galls formed on all those plants inoculated with B. 

 The same organism (B) was isolated by poured plates from one 

 of these galls and its infectious nature proved by the following 

 inoculations: 



a Wherever the word daisy is mentioned in the following pages it means hothouse varieties of Chrysan- 

 themyLm frutescens unless otherwise stated. All of the inoculated plants were grown in hothouses unless 

 otherwise stated. All of the inoculations recorded in this bulletin are pure-culture inoculations made with 

 the bacteria described by us; all were made from poured-plate colonies or subcultures therefrom, usually 

 the latter, and all the figures of galls shown in the plates are the result of such pure-culture inoculations, 

 with the exception of a few figures introduced for comparison, viz, Plate III, upper left-hand figure (oleander 

 from California); Plate IV, figure 1 (nematode galls on sugar beet); Plate XVI, figure 26 (nitrogen-fixing 

 root tubercles on alfalfa); Plate XX (crown-gall of rose and nematode galls on Stizolobium); Plate XXII I 

 (poplar gall from New England): Plate XXXI (hard gall on apple from Oregon and gall on blackberry 

 from Wisconsin); Plate XXXV, figure 2 (quince gall from Algeria); Plate XXXVI, figure 2 (lettuce gall 

 from a hothouse in Maryland). The reader who wishes to get at the positive and negative results of the 

 inoculations quickly is advised to consult Tables II and III, beginning on page 133. 



In all inoculation headings and also in the plate descriptions in such expressions as Daisy on Daisy, 

 Peach on Peach, etc., the first word is to be understood as a convenient substitute for a phrase, e. g., " Daisy 

 on daisy" moans pure culture of a schizomycete originally isolated from a natural tumor on daisy and 

 inoculated on daisy. 



The name of the individual making the experiment is usually prefixed to it, but generally two of us were 

 present when the results were recorded, and the authors of this bulletin are to be held jointly responsible for 

 all statements made in it, except those relating to cancer, for which the senior writer alone is responsible. 



Finally, all of our results are reported, whether favorable or unfavorable. 



213 



