70 Missouri Agricultural Report. 



will not get the strength. With a hypodermic syringe (and the 

 ordinary black leg syringe will answer this purpose) inject every 

 ten days of this solution thirty-five to fifty cubic centimeters or 

 nine to twelve teaspoonfuls. Most syringes have the cubic centi- 

 meters marked on the syringe handle. A cubic centimeter, for all 

 practical purposes, means fifteen drops. Four cubic centimeters 

 make a teaspoonful. Run the needle through the skin anywhere 

 on the animal's body. It is most convenient on the shoulder where 

 the skin is easily pulled up and thinner, and while you run the 

 needle through the cow's skin, if you will have some one take hold 

 of the nose and jerk the nose rather violently the moment the needle 

 passes through the skin, she will not know it goes in and you will 

 not have any trouble from that source. The nine to twelve cubic 

 centimeters is a rather large amount to put in one spot, and it will 

 be absorbed better if distributed in smaller quantities. This in- 

 jection should be made in the cows of the herd that have not 

 aborted as well as those that have, because we don't know which 

 ones are likely to become inoculated and abort. 



But I want to make this plain. In giving carbolic acid, be 

 governed by the action on the individual. You want to give full 

 doses. How can you tell how much you can give? If you will 

 watch the cows closely, you will see when they have a full dose that 

 the pupil of the eye is somewhat enlarged. That indicates you 

 have given enough. If you do not get that result in the animal, 

 the next time you administer the carbolic acid you had best do that. 

 If you get too big a dose, you will cause temporary paralysis and the 

 cow will lie twenty-four hours, probably, without being able to 

 move, though without any material injury to the cow. 



I think this fairly well covers the case, and I think it unneces- 

 sary to go into further detail right now. I might add that this 

 treatment should be continued every ten days through the period 

 of pregnancy. 



Mr. Gurler (continuing) : We will go back thirty or thirty- 

 five years when this trouble was so serious in New York State that 

 the legislature appropriated ten thousand dollars for the purpose 

 of stopping it. I remember Mr. Harris Lewis, one of the com- 

 missioners who helped to spend the ten thousand dollars appropri- 

 ated, said when they were through, "We don't know so much about 

 the cause of abortion as we thought we did when we commenced." 



Cows put on their merits — There was a period of time after 

 I left my farm that I dropped the testing of the cows individually, 

 because I could not be there to try the churn test, and then the Bab- 



