222 Missouri Agricultural Report, 



diverse methods employed by the farmers of Galloway, originated 

 or developed two distinct types of the breed. Away up among the 

 hills and mountains was developed a type that matured at two to 

 four years of age, while in the low lying valleys, where pastures 

 are more luxuriant and other feeds plentiful, the calves remain fat 

 the year round, and thus originated the modern Galloway, the 

 popular, early maturing type of to-day. The former has almost 

 been eliminated, but we occasionally see specimens of this High- 

 land type today, but I dare say no more often than we see the same 

 specimens in other breeds. The Smith field fat stock show has 

 records of Galloway two-year-old steers weighing over two thou- 

 sand pounds and yearlings over fourteen hundred, and even in the 

 early days of the breed they frequently topped the London market, 

 weighing from nine hundred to fourteen hundred pounds as year- 

 lings. In our own feeding experience, we have purchased range 

 bred steer calves weighing less than five hundred pounds, and re- 

 turned them to market in a year's time weighing over thirteen 

 hundred. Mr. Leslie Smith, manager of the Meadow Lawn herds 

 of Shorthorn and Galloway cattle, told me during the recent In- 

 ternational Live Stock Show that in his judgment (and no man is 

 more competent to judge) that the four Galloway female calves 

 exhibited in their young herd this year were the equal of and were 

 as well matured as the four females of any young herd of any breed 

 in the show. 



One of the other important characteristics of the breed is the 

 prepotency of the bulls and their ability to impress their character- 

 istics on the offspring. Ninety-five per cent, of the calves from any 

 cross will not only be uniform in quality, but will be black and with- 

 out horns. There is no breed of cattle that will breed up a scrub 

 herd quicker than a Galloway. It is also a fact that tuberculosis 

 is almost unknown in this hardy breed of cattle. 



The true index of what a breed is doing is shown by its associ- 

 ation records. This tells us that the Galloway is spreading out in 

 every section of the United States and Canada. Recent shipments 

 have been made from the corn belt to Utah, California, Alaska, 

 Virginia, Florida and into the Republic of Mexico. It tells us the 

 increase in membership in 1905 was double that of 1904 — that the 

 receipts of the association were thirty-five per cent, greater in 1905 

 than in 1904. It tells us that the range men in the west, south- 

 west and northwest are picking up good Galloway bulls as fast as 

 they are produced. The Galloway is making a name for himself 

 today, as he did centuries ago, when he was driven four hundred 



