No. 6. Dli:PARTMENT OF AGRICUJLTLTRE. 117 



of rough luaiiipiihition, every eltort should bo used to aroid the 

 causes of complications. Dui'inji,- tlie acute stage of the ei-uptiou, 

 the udder and teats should be washed at least twice daily with a 

 warm antiseptic solution, such as lysol 1^ per cent., or creolin 2^ 

 per cent., or bicliloride of mercury 1 to 1,000, or a solution of boracic 

 acid in water may be used for this purpose. If possible, rain water, 

 or other soft water or distilled water, should be used for making 

 this solution, because it leaves the skin less harsh and with a less 

 tendency to crack. Following the M'ash, and before milking, the 

 teats should be annointed with sweet oil or with cosmoline. After 

 milking, oxide of zinc ointment should be applied. If the scabs are 

 not softened and the secretion of pus diminished by these appli- 

 cations, the udder and teats should be well washed, soaked and 

 softened with warm water and castile soap before the antiseptic 

 wash is applied. The operation of milking should be conducted 

 as gentlj' as possible. Tlie milk should not be used for human food. 

 If this treatment is observed the course of the disease is likely 

 to be mild and without permanent bad results. The infected cows 

 should be kept apart from the herd and not milked until the sound 

 cows have been milked. 



In Europe, where sheep pox is a ])revalent disease, it has been 

 the practice for a great many years to vaccinate all sheep added to 

 a flock in which there is likely to be infection. In nearly all coun- 

 tries of Europe it is, indeed, required that all sheep exposed to pox 

 shall be v;ircinated. The method is to apply the virus to a scarified 

 area on the under surface of the tail or upon the ear by a process 

 similar to the vaccination of people against small-pox. By this 

 , means sheep are rendered immune. It is well known that young 

 cattle that are used for the production of vaccine virus become im- 

 mune to cow pox. From these observations it would appear that 

 this disease might be prevented among cattle by preventive inocu- 

 lation, and thus avoid the injurious effects to fresh milking cows 

 added to dairy herds where cow pox exists, or has recently pre- 

 vailed. For this purpose, the glycerinated vaccine lymph used 

 for the vaccination of people could be used. In applying it, the 

 skin should be shaven over an area of three to four inches in di- 

 ameter. This surface should be cleansed by washing with soap and 

 water. The soap should be washed off by rinsing with water, after 

 which the skin may be dried by the use of clean towels. The skin 

 should then be scarified by making several shallow line incisions. 

 These should go through less than one-half the thickness of the 

 skin, and should not be deep enough to cause much, if any, bleeding. 

 The virus may then be applied and rubbed thoroughly into these 

 incisions with a spatula or case knife. Vaccination could be applied 

 in this way betweeo tlie thighs, above the udder. By vaccinating 



