No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 167 



foaliins of these aiiiiiials, lunc made it possible foi- us to j^et 

 this collecliou into its present I'oiiii. Kii'st-class work in taxidermy 

 has also been done by Mr. Geo. 1*. J^'riant, of Scranton, Pa., who 

 mounted many sfu-cimens for ns. Hundreds of persons contributed 

 to (he success of this undertakinj>- by loaning or donating material, 

 or by collecting for us at our direction, and we should gladly give 

 them credit in this report, but we have not now space or time, 

 since this is to be done in another publication. 



SUMMER COLLECTING AND INVESTIGATING. 



Due to your appreciation of the needs of the office and your kind 

 assistance, 1 was able to employ an agricultural student of the State 

 College, at a very slight expense, during three months of the 

 summer to collect insects, and make investigations and notes in 

 the fields and orchards for the use of this Division. We now have 

 these specimens preserved in mass as collected, and are ready to 

 perform the detailed work of pinning and identifying them as soon 

 as we have time and the essential accessories. It is through the 

 fact that we have this collection upon which to draw, that it was 

 possible for us to undertake the St. Louis Exposition collection for 

 this Division. This small collection of insects gave us that material 

 which we needed to use in illustrating the food of the insectivorous 

 mammals, birds and reptiles. Otherwise this interesting feature 

 could not have been shown. The collector was Mr. W. R. Gorham, 

 of Coudersport, Pa., and he is to be commended for his zeal and 

 faithfulness in the performance of the work, and for the amount 

 of material and useful notes which have been thus placed at our 

 disposal. It appears proper tliat I should here make mention of 

 at least some of his investigations' of the Codlin Moth, which, 

 with the exception of the San Jose Scale, is the worst insect of our 

 pomaceous fruits. In time we shall publish upon other investiga- 

 tions, which were made at the same time, but the subject of the 

 Codlin moth being of prime importance is here introduced: 



Experiments were undertaken with a view of determining whether 

 the larva? of the Codlin Moth crawls up the trunk of the tree to the 

 scales of bark under which it spins its cocoon and becomes a 

 chrysalis, or whether it descends the trunk in order to reach this 

 place. To determine this a band of sticky fly paper was fastened 

 tightly around the trunk of the tree, and a gunny sack tied loosely 

 around the tree below the sticky band and another tied above it. 

 It was found that TO per cent, of the larvt^^ descended the tree 

 to find a plac(^ 1o pupate, instead of falling with the apples and 

 crawling up, as is supposed to be the general method. This shows 

 that the method of destroying the fallen fruit in order to avoid 

 the subsequent broods of the Codling Moth can not be wholly 



