764 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



PROF. SURFACE: Last fail I heard of another remedy for borers. 

 I have seen it tried and can vouch for its efficacy. Tlie formula is 

 as follows: One pound of concentrated lye dissolved in 20 gallons 

 boiling water. Make a funnel-shaped receptacle at base of tree, and 

 pour therein 1 quart of the mixture while hot. Care must be taken 

 not to injure the roots or bark of tree when removing the soil. 

 This remedy is used only for the peach borer, as the apple and pear 

 borer are quite distinct and usually enter the bark of the tree 

 higher up. 



A method of treating apple trees to protect them from the attack 

 of borers and vermin has recently been published by Prof. W. B. 

 Alwood, of the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, and is 

 vouched for by him. It consists of painting the trunks of the trees 

 with a mixture of pure linseed oil and white lead. He has tried this 

 on thousands of trees and has not injured a tree, and has kept them 

 practically free from borers. 



MR. CREASY: Has not the time of year when application of the 

 hot lye is made, something to do with it? I think borers are more 

 difficult to reach at some seasons than others? 



PROF. SURFACE: The application I have referred to was made 

 about September 1st. I consider the best time from the middle to 

 the latter part of summer. 



The following address was delivered: 



"J 



'» 



RECENT HORTICULTURAL INTRODUCTIONS OF MERIT. 



By Prop. H. E. VanDeman, Ex-Pomologigt, V. S. nepartment of Aoriculture. 



Many varieties of fruits in the United States have been known for 

 years in some localities, while in a general way they are new. 

 Thei'e are many varieties of this kind, and as the apple is by com- 

 mon consent the most useful of our American fruits, it will have first 

 attention. 



Some of our new apples are the product of seeds that haA'e been 

 planted by design and are the result of hybridizing or cross-fertili- 

 zation. Some are only chance seedings that have been found in the 

 edge of the forest or in a fence corner. Among those of this char- 

 acter, one that is much talked about and worthy of trial, is ''Stay- 

 man," introduced by Dr. J. Stayman. of Leavenworth, Kansas, and 

 is the most valuable of his seedlings. It is about same character 

 and shape as Winosnp. though not quite so highly colored. 



