SPRAYING THE APPLE ORCHARD 67 



is Paris Green. Perhaps the idal way of solving the insecticide question 

 is to use Paris Green as long as Bordeaux mixture is used and apply the 

 arsenate of lead for the second brood of the codling moth. When Paris 

 Green is used six ounces of the poison to fifty gallons of water is sufficient, 

 while two pounds of arsenate of lead are required for fifty gallons of 

 wates. 



The problem of a mixing station is one that must be solved by each 

 grower. In general, an elevated platform is a profitable convenience, 

 especially is it so if the water supply is already elevated. A good water 

 supply is a necessity if there is much work to do, and as spraying 

 should be done every year, a permanent station is desirable from the 

 start. 



The treatment of the apple scab and codling moth can usually be 

 carried out together and the ensuing schedule which is being used this 

 year in demonstration work by the Department of Agriculture and by the 

 experiment station at Lincoln is recommended for Southeastern Nebraska. 

 The dates given are approximate and of course vary with the location 

 and season. 



First application: — As the cluster buds open (about April 25th). Use 

 Bordeaux mixture, 3-3-50 plus 2 pounds of lead, or 6 ounces Paris Green. 

 Bordeaux mixture may be omitted on non-scabing varieties in favorable 

 seasons. 



Second application: At once after petals fall (about May 10). Dilute 

 Bordeaux mixture and poison spray, viz., 3-3-50, plus 2 pounds arsenate 

 of lead, or 6 ounces Paris Green. The application at this time should 

 be made with a nozzle cap with large opening, the nozzle at an angle to 

 the spray rod, spraying from above as much as possible and directing 

 the spray downward into the apple clusters. This treatment should be 

 excessive, using about twice the usual amount. 



Third Application: Three or four weeks after the petals fall (about 

 May 30). Use Bordeaux mixture and poison spray as in first application. 



Fourth Application: Nine or ten weeks after petaals fall (about July 

 12-15). Use 2 pounds Arsenate of Lead to each 50 gallons of water, 

 adding milk of lime made from slacking 2 or 3 pounds good stone lime. 

 Bordeaux mixture at this and subsequent applications is to be omitted. 



Fifth Application: Two or three weeks after fourth treatment (about 

 August 1st). Use arsenate of lead 2 pounds to 50 gallons of water with 

 lime, omitting Bordeaux mixture, as for the 4th. 



To spray efficiently it is necessary to be well equipped with modern 

 apparatus. The kind of machine used will depend largely on the size 

 of the orchard. In spraying as in other farm operations, it is economy 

 to purchase first-class apparatus of sufficient capacity for the purpose 

 intended. Whatever kind of pump is used it should have brass wearing 

 parts, as the Bordeaux mixture will quickly corrode iron or steel. The 

 pump should be of the simplest construction possible and with working 



