8 4 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 



known as mixed pickles the crops become equally as valuable as 

 if they were permitted to ripen. In fact 1 have known of several 

 instances in which the value of this by-product equalled the main 

 crop, and only a few people even attempted to utilize this material. 

 The mixed pickles composed of green fruit, of the tomato, cucumber, 

 sweet peppers, string beans, and in fact any* other crop of second 

 grade, such as cauliflower, etc., are chopped up, cooked and prepared 

 and with the addition of vinegar makes a commvOdity, that finds ready 

 sale at very remunerative prices. 



a; well known crop that furnishes by-prdoucts of commercial 

 value is the apple. I think perhaps the by-products of this crop are 

 familiar to all, but a review of the subject may impress you with 

 the great value of these commodities. 



The apple probably is of greater importance than any other 

 fruit we possess, and several times greater than many. Since I wish 

 to talk about the by-products of this crop I will omit any mention 

 of the fruit because this is all known to you present. Probably the 

 greatest by-product of the apple is cider. I mention this first because 

 this is the first product of the fruit and later I wish to speak 

 of the fermentation of the cider. Cider is in practically every case, 

 a by-product, since the value of good apples are always greater than 

 the cider, so we utilize the windfalls and the third and fourth grade 

 fruit, in its production. The cider has two avenues to the market. 

 One In the form of prepared or treated cider 'which finds ready sale 

 as a beverage and commands a good price. The other is in the form 

 of vinegar. This Is a stable product and a very Important commo- 

 dity. Few people realize the value of this article, but according to 

 the last census report the value of cider and vinegar in the U. S. 

 was almost $11,000,000 and for Nebraska, $156,613. According to 

 the production of apples this output should be doubled, and who Is 

 losing. Not the consumer, but the horticulturist. If Nebraska horti- 

 culturists, do not attempt to supply the state, demand other sections 

 of the country will, and the consumer will not lose anything. Another 

 valuable by-product of the apple is apple butter. So far as I can learn 

 there is but one firm attempting to make this In the state, and that 

 on a very small scale. Now this is a valuable source of income, and 

 is made of waste apples and cider, both by-products, and yet the 

 people go to the other states to satisfy their wants. Why should this 

 condition exist? Still another by-product of the apple is evaporated 

 fruit. This has a ready sale and the demand is increasing. Yet 

 Nebraska goes Into the other states to supply her wants. Evaporated 

 apples can be made from inferior stock, and should be a source of 

 income to the orchardist. In addition I might call attention to the 

 enormous waste that occurs in a small way from all our fruit and 

 vegetables which should be utilized, and more profit made by install- 

 ing a small canning outfit. These outfits vary iv price from $15 ta 



