9 NEBRASKA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 



down in our section in the early spring, that packel the soil real 

 hard, and we had to break that up. 



Q. What is the name of that extension disc you were speaking 

 cf? 



A. The Johnson disc, made at Rochester, New York. 



Q. A round disc? 



A. Yes sir. 



Q. Have you ever used the cut-away disc? 



A. Yes sir. 



Q. How did you like it? 



A. I did not like it at all. 



A Member: There was just one point I would like to have you 

 bring out a little more clearly. Now you recommended the discing of 

 it to form the dust mulch, which we all know is good. Now on the 

 farms and orchards we are unable to tell in the spring whether or 

 not it is going to be a dry or a wet season, do you recommend this be 

 done every year? 



A. Yes sir, you can afford to take a chance, and you can't afford 

 to take any chances not to. 



Q. We know this applies to your dry year, but you figure that 

 a fellow is saving in doing it every year? 



A. Yes sir. You understand I recommend both systems of cul- 

 tivation. The clean cultivation and also the clover system. Right 

 on that line: Last spring there was a peculiar condition confronted 

 the fruit growers. We had had a series of dry springs, when there 

 was very little rainfall, and the fungus didn't develop. Orchardists 

 who did not spray, at all, had no fungus. And neither did the orchard- 

 ist, of course, who sprayed. Now that had gone on for three or four 

 years, and I know of one orchardist in the state, and he is one of the 

 largest, and I will say one of the very best orchardists in the state, that 

 concluded that because he hadn't any fungus for three or four years, 

 that the spray controlled it, and he had the scab all scared out of the 

 orchard, and for that reason he omitted the spray. We had that wet 

 v/eather come on, and we didn't know what was in store for us, and we 

 had the ideal condition for the development of the fungus, and the result 

 was he had his orchard full of scab. He did not know what was in 

 store for him, and the spraying was an expensive proposition, and 

 he thought he would simply save the expense of applying the fuu- 

 feicide spray. Now if we hadn't cultivated our orchard until the 

 early part of the season, and waited until the drouth came on, we 

 could not have conserved that moisture. I think that the farmer, 

 whether or not he is growing fruit, or whether or not he is growing 

 corn, or anything else, he had better not take the chances. 



A Member: Another question, I would like to ask you, was in 



