414 RKPoKT OF OKFirp: OK EXrERniKNT STATIONS. 



The loj^ishituic ol" the TcM-ritorv of Mawiiii, jit ils session (Iiii-iiijj^ tlie 

 rlosinir nioiitlis of the liscal year li)(>8, iiuulc lilxM'al a]ipr()])i-iarK)iis to 

 assist this station. 'V\\o items sot apart for use (ltiriii«i- the coniiii'^' fis- 

 cal period woroas follows: Ten thousand dollars for '"assistance to Fed- 

 oral Exporimont Station," the sum appi'opriated for the (irst six months 

 of this period to he expended undei' the direction of the Territorial 

 hoard of aj^riculture and forestry; !^2,00() for salary of chemist; $1,500 

 residence for chemist, and §3,000 for an ollice, laboratory, and lihrary 

 l>uildinj:-, making- a total of $10,500 to Im> expended for th(^ l)enefit of 

 this station durinji" the two years ondinj^' »Iunc 30, 1905. This very 

 liberal a])pi"opriation of funds will l)e of o-reat assistance in carrying 

 on whatever investigations are undertaken for the advancement of the 

 atifriculture of these islands. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS. 



Probal)ly the most discouraiiino' problem confronting those seeking 

 to establish diversitied farming in these islands is the injur}^ to the 

 crops from insect attacks. The two main industries as well, the pro- 

 duction of sugar and stock raising, pay unwillingly an immense 

 yearl}'^ toll because of these pests. To meet the many demands made 

 upon the station for help from this source an entomologist was added 

 to the station staff one year ago to organize a department of ento- 

 mology and to begin investigations along this Hne. I will briefly 

 summarize from his detailed report for the past year. 



The greater part of the 3'ear has been spent in the organization of 

 the department and in field work. The limited means of the station 

 would not permit any great expenditure for laboratory equipment or 

 breeding experiments; in fact, these were not essential at the begin- 

 ning. The conditions surrounding the work were entirely different 

 from those in a temperate climate, and at lirst glance it would seem 

 that the many recommendations and conclusions arrived at in various 

 parts of the United States in combating ins(^ct pests would not apply 

 here in any way. It is evident, however, that the same principles 

 governing the work elsewhere are applicable in Hawaii, but the 

 methods must be changed to meet the local conditions. The most 

 striking difference between the conditions here and elsewhere is the 

 continuous presence of the injurious species. This fact applies to the 

 fauna in general, accounted for not only by the perennial food supply, 

 but also b}^ the evenness of the temperatuie and rainfall, there being 

 no long-continued spells of hot, cold, wet, or dry weather. The 

 injurious species are, with few exceptions, introduced from abroad. 

 Their having no natural check as regards climate, and ))eing freed for 

 the most part from their natural enemies that pr(>ved upon them at 

 "home," together with the continual food supply and lack of active and 



