41() KKl'OKT OK OFFICE OF KXl'KKIMKNT STATIONS. 



pul)li(ati()ii. riu' cllort to obtuin a woiUiiiii' icforciu-c lilnarv has 

 ivsiiltcd tliiis far in prociiriii*;' the availat)l(* publications on t'coiioniic 

 eiitomolo^'v troin forty of the State experinient .stations, and a com- 

 plete set of the various publications of the Division of P^ntoinology, 

 U. S. Department of At^riculture, including some of the early reports 

 of the commission of entomology, the Smithsonian Institution [)ubli- 

 cations on entomology, and various papers and reports of M<'ssrs. 

 Koebele and Perkins. A bil)liography of Hawaiian entomology is 

 being prepared, and the etfort to procure all available references will 

 be continued. 



A collection of the injurious insects has been started, arranged in met- 

 amorphosis cases to illustrate their life histor^^ before farmers' insti- 

 tutes and at lectures. About 100 lantern slides have also been pur- 

 chased or prepared for this same i)urpose, illustrating the injurious 

 and beneficial insects, their life history, the difl'erence between biting 

 and sucking insects, how the injury is wrought, and the methods and 

 the machineiy used in comV)ating the injurious ones. 



The entomologist during the year has visited the four principal 

 islands of the group and made a personal study of the prol)lems facing 

 those attempting to raise the various crops. The result is quite a 

 large amount of data on several of the most serious pests. Recom- 

 mendations were made following the methods employed in other parts 

 of the United States. In many instances the entomologist prepared 

 the mixtures and applied them himself. Man}^ difficulties were met; 

 for example, many of the more active mixtures used elsewhere with- 

 out injury against scale insects at a time when the plants are not in 

 leaf — that is, "winter washes" — can not be used here where the plants 

 are constantly in leaf, the frequent showers necessitating using mix- 

 tures not easily washed away, and also spraying more often than else- 

 where. Many of the precautionary measures taken elsewhere — for 

 example, fall plowing for the cutworm and exposing the mature forms 

 to severe cold, rotation of crops, etc. — are eliminated here, where no 

 cold seasons exist or where, as in some cases, crop follows crop 

 throughout the year. The fruits are confined to small plantings about 

 homes. In coml)ating the pests of these trees the returns would not 

 justify any great expenditure of time or money. This necessitated 

 obtaining appai-atus which would be efficient, yet low enough in cost 

 to make it feasible to purchase it, throwing out of the consideration 

 the larger and more efficient outfits. After many trials a "bucket 

 outfit," supplied with an extension rod and extra length of hose, was 

 found to meet the present demand. 



There was great need here of having in convenient form some of the 

 formulas of the standard remedies and directions for applying them 

 intelligently. Accordingly a bulletin entitled " Insecticides for use in 

 Hawaii" was written, treating of what seemed to be only of interest 



