An Apple Orchard Survey of Ontario County 



195 



Relation of pasturage to yield and income 

 From Table 24 it is most evident that cattle are very poor animals to 

 have in an orchard. The damage that they do to both trees and fruit 

 is shown in the extremely low yields and incomes, the four-year average 

 yield being 32.9 barrels per acre, and the income $55.42, only about half 

 the general average. 



Next to cattle is the miscellaneous group, which includes orchards 

 pastured chiefly with cattle and horses. The figures here are somewhat 

 higher, probably due to the fact that some of the orchards were 

 pastured with sheep or hogs but had one cow or horse in them, which 



TABLE 24. Relation of Pasturage to Yield and Income 



Treatment 



Sod s years or more: 



No pasture 



Hogs 



Sheep 



Hogs and sheep, 



Cattle 



Miscellaneous . . 



Partly cultivated: 



No pasture 



Hogs 



Sheep 



Hogs and sheep 



Total sod orchards: 



No pasture 



Hogs 



Sheep 



Hogs and sheep 



Cattle 



Miscellaneous . . 



No. 

 of 

 or- 

 chards 



Acres 



26 

 16 

 10 

 16 

 6 

 14 



30 



13 



5 



4 



S6 

 29 

 IS 

 20 

 6 

 14 



128 

 SO 

 90 



102 

 28 



104.0 



237.3 

 59.0 

 56.0 

 26.0 



365.8 

 109.3 

 146.5 

 128. 1 

 28. 5 

 104.0 



Yield per acre (bbls.) 



1904 



83.0 

 90.0 

 94-6 

 97.0 

 43-2 

 72.8 



82.1 

 67 .0 

 85.8 

 68.9 



1905,1906 



59.374 



68 . 1 66 



32.2 72 

 53.8;6i 

 51.525 

 65.760 



43.5^60.6 

 56.666.8 



88.5 

 63.2 



24.7 

 87.1 



82.4I48.965.4 



61 .966.7 

 53.654.0 



55. 766. 8 

 525.0 



77.5 

 91 .0 

 91.3 

 43.2 



51. 



72.8,65.7,60.3 



1907 



4-yr. 

 av. 



29. 5 61 .6 



35.1 64.9 



32.2 57.8 

 33. S 61. S 

 II.933-9 

 39.5 59-6 



34-4 55 

 39.2 

 53.7 

 55.1 



2 



57-4 

 63 2 

 68.6 



33-2 S7 

 37.S|6o 

 40.4159 

 37-9 62 



11.932 

 39 ■ 5 59 



Income per acre 



1904 



S123 90 



no 00 



138 00 



157 24 



62 05 



96 20 



loi 32 



117 28 



118 10 

 104 02 



109 II 

 113 83 

 130 23 

 146 43 

 62 05 

 96 20 



1905 



$113 79 

 144 SS 



65 50 

 125 30 



83 40 

 116 S3 



91 SO 



112 00 



187 S6 



136 00 



99 29 



126 90 



112 18 



III 70 



83 40 



116 53 



1906 



5l32 28 

 126 35 

 139 17 

 III 76 



44 SI 

 88 00 



III 80 



139 23 



49 06 



157 IS 



119 08 

 133 35 

 104 72 



120 98 



44 51 

 88 00' 



1907 



»79 32 

 94 32 

 85 10 

 94 98 

 31 72 

 90 50 



93 10 



III 28 



159 13 



i6s 32 



88 19 



103 48 



113 40 



109 II 



31 72 



90 sol 



4-yr. 



$112 32 



118 88 



106 94 



122 32 



55 42 



97 81 



99 43 



119 95 



128 46 



140 62 



103 92 

 119 39 

 115 13 

 122 OS 

 J 55 42 

 97 81 



threw them into the miscellaneous group. Although the four-year aver- 

 age yield of 59.6 barrels per acre for the miscellaneous group is a little 

 higher than the general average, the four-year average income, $97.81, 

 is considerably below the general average, showing that the quality of 

 fruit was low. 



The best method of treatment of sod orchards, according to Table 24, 

 is to use them as a pasture for hogs and sheep. For this type of pasture, 

 the four-year average yields in the different groups, sod 5 years or more, 

 partly cultivated, and total sod orchards, range from 61.5 barrels per 

 acre to 68.6 barrels per acre, while the incomes range from $122.05 to 

 $140.62. Both the highest yield and highest income occur in the orchards 

 that are cultivated part of the time. 



The question of the relative merits of sheep and hogs seems to depend 

 on whether or not the orchards are cultivated. Orchards that are partly 



