Substitutes for Skimmed Milk in Raising Calves 7 



are a by-product in the manufactvire of cocoa and were purchased by 

 Dean in Toronto for three cents per pound. The gain made by the calves 

 fed on the cocoa shell milk, hay, grain, etc., compared very favorably 

 with that made by the calves fed on skimmed milk, hay, and grain. 



These three trials seem to constitute all the important work on this 

 subject reported in experiment station literature. Other experiments 

 have been reported, but they were made in connection with other work 

 and the results were not satisfactory enough to warrant noting them in 

 this connection. 



I. experiment at CORNELL STATION, I907-8 



Three lots of calves, designated as A, B and C, were fed, respectively, 

 skimmed milk, Schumacher Calf Meal, and Lactina Suisse. At the 

 time the experiment was begun, several calves, one or two months old, 

 that had been fed skimmed milk, were available, and although no record 

 of the food had been kept, it seemed best to continue them as Lot A since 

 the number of calves available for the experiment was limited. These 

 calves undoubtedly had some advantages over the younger calves in 

 Lots B and C. The calves in Lot B, with one exception, were also on 

 hand but were younger than those of Lot A at the time of beginning the 

 experiment, and none had had any skimmed milk although some had 

 been fed Schumacher Calf Meal for a sufficient time to become accus- 

 tomed to it. Table I gives the average age of the calves in each lot 

 at the beginning of the experiment, Nov. 12, 1907. The calves of Lot 

 A were on an average 52^ days old at the beginning of the experiment, 

 those in Lot B 19^ days old, while the calves in Lot C were fed from 

 birth according to the directions for feeding Lactina Suisse. In order 

 to show the results at more nearly the same age, Table III has been pre- 

 pared, showing the gains of Lot A for approximately the first 120 days 

 after birth. This table shows that the calves of Lot A made an average 

 daily gain of 1.62 pounds for the first 120 days after birth, which is a 

 little less than the average gain of 1.76 pounds per day during the 120 

 days of the experiment. 



Table I shows the age, breed, sex, weight at birth and summary of 

 results with each calf in the experiment. In this table, in the second 

 column " H " stands for Holstein, " J " for- Jersey, " S " for Shorthorn 

 and "A" for Ayrshire, the breed being designated by the first letter of 

 its name. The letter " G," placed before the letter designating the breed, 

 indicates that that particular calf is a grade of the breed named. Under 

 sex, " H " stands for heifer and " B " for bull calf. 



