170 Bulletin 307 



an apple occupying the third place in the list of apples of commercial 

 importance, both in the State and in Ontario county, originated in the 

 same orchard also. The Seneca Favorite, a local apple, originated, about 

 1800, on the farm of Marcus Ansley about five miles southwest of Geneva. 



VALUE OF THE APPLE CROP 



The Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900, gives the value of all 

 orchard products for the State of New York as $10,542,272, and of Ontario 

 county as $497,354. The number of apple trees of bearing age at that 

 time was 419,483, and the yield in bushels 933,764. Ontario county occu- 

 pied fifth place among the counties of the State in the value of orchard 

 products, eighth in the number of bearing apple trees, and seventh in 

 yield of apples. 



PURPOSE OF THE 1908 SURVEY 



The purpose of the present survey is to show the existing conditions 

 of the apple industrv in Ontario county. The material is arranged from 

 two standpoints : 



1. The general distribution of orchards according to the different factors 

 enumerated in the survey. 



2. The relation of the different methods in orchard management to 

 yield and income. 



From this latter consideration it is hoped that reliable conclusions may 

 be reached concerning the best methods in orchard management. 

 The value of orchard surveys is taken up in the Appendix, Part II. 



COLLECTION OF DATA 



During the summer of 1908, Messrs. A. W. McKay and W A. Salisbury 

 made an orchard survey of Ontario county. The data obtained through 

 the courtesy of the farmers and by personal observation were recorded 

 in notebooks containing blanks for this purpose. The accompanying 

 illustration of the blank (p. 171) shows the topics dealt with in the field 

 work. 



The yield and income for 1908 were obtained through letters sent out 

 by the Department of Horticulture at Cornell University during the winter 

 of 1908-1909. 



METHODS OF TABULATION 



Reports from 391 orchards, covering an area of approximately 2700 

 acres, are used as a basis for the tables. Inasmuch as the data were not 

 complete on all the slips for all the points under consideration, it was 



