228 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



owner or owners of the orchard, nursery, or grounds in which the insect 

 is found, of its existence therein, and serve a notice containing a state- 

 ment of all the facts found to exist, upon the owner or owners, with an 

 order that within ten days they shall take such measures as have been 

 proven to be effectual in the destruction of the scale and for preveniion 

 of its further distribution, and to continue them until its extermination 

 has been effected, 



§ 3. If the owner or owners shall refuse to comply with the order of 

 the agent, as above stated, the agent shall be charged with its execution, 

 and for this purpose, shall employ all necessary assistance; and such 

 agent or his employes may enter upon any or all premises wiihin the 

 town or city for the purpose of the speedy extermination of the scale. 

 Such agent shall be entitled to compensation for his services under this 

 act at the rate of five dollars for each full day spent by him in the dis- 

 charge of his duties, and the necessary disbursements paid or incurred by 

 him therein. 



§ 4. The sum of five thousand dollars, or so much thereof as may be 

 necessary, is hereby appropriated out of the state treasury to carry out 

 the provisions of this act. 



§ 5. This act shall take effect immediately. 



Remedies. 



There is no difficulty in killing this insect at any lime and in any form 

 of its existence, if the proper remedies are used and properly applied ; 

 but if entire success is demanded — that is, if all of the insects infesting 

 an orchard are to be destroyed, which means extermination, — so far as 

 our present knowledge extends, it can only be accomplished in the winter 

 season. During the many years of its existence in California the experi- 

 ments there conducted, showed that several of the insecticidal applica- 

 tions tested, were entirely effective — particularly some of the '• wmter 

 washes" of which the formulas have been frequently pubhshed. When 

 it became necessary to contend with the insect in its eastern invasion, it 

 was naturally supposed that the Californian remedies would be equally 

 effective here, but experiments with them proved that they only sufficed 

 to destroy a certain percentage of the hibernating form; and fven when 

 used in double strength, a large proportitm of the scales was not destroyed. 

 These unexpected results may probably be accounted for by a more per- 

 fect dormancy of the insect in the East than in California. 



Winter washes. — The experiments that have been conducieil under 

 the direction of L. O. Howard, Chief of the Entomological Bureau at 



