No. 6. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 149 



In order to spray successfully, the chief points are, first, a good 

 force pump, with adjustable nozzle. It is almost necessary to have 

 two spraying implements, a knapsack sprayer for small trees or 

 shrubbery, and a bariel pump to reach trees thirty-five to forty feet 

 in height. Second, the first spraying of the weasou should be done 

 in early spring, before the tree is in foliage; and where pruning is 

 necessary it should be done before spraying. Under no circum- 

 stances sliould trees be sprayed when in bloom. For mildew and 

 fungous diseases there is no better application than Bordeaux mix- 

 ture, which should always be used soon after it is made. In my 

 experience I have found it dangerous (o make this mixture long 

 before using it. 



As an insecticide, I have found Paris green most economical and 

 satisfactory. A good, strong pump, with horse, wagon and boy 

 are necessary for efficient work where trees are twenty-five to thirty- 

 five feet high. At first I used three-fourth inch hose, but found it 

 unnecessarily heavy. One-half inch i« amply large. A good stout 

 boy is able to handle the pump and to force a spray so fine as to 

 resemble smolce a distance of twenty-five to thirty feet if the weather 

 be calm and favorable. 



It is my practice also to continue the use of fungicides in the third 

 and fourth sprayings. When dashing rains^ occur within a week or 

 ten da3-s after spraying a large per cent. Avill be wasted, and it will 

 be necessary to repeat the work. 



I have also found that the sprayer can be used for whitewashing 

 fences and buildings, for washing windows and for similar purposcL;. 



One of the common abuses of spraying is to spray when trees are 

 in bloom. Another is to use insecticides when fungicides are needed 

 and vice verm. We must first know what the trouble is and what 

 is needed and spray accordingly. If for insects, a poisonous material 

 only is needed. If for blight, mildew or similar plant or tree dis- 

 eases, fungicides should be applied. There are times when both 

 poison and fungicides can be combined and applied advantageously 

 at one operation. For such application the following is generally 

 used: 



Six pounds sulphate of copper, four pounds fresh lime and one- 

 fourth pound Paris green to fifty gallons of water. I have also used 

 Hellebore, London purple and tobacco as insecticides for specific pur- 

 poses, and with success, and for scale insects have found crude pe- 

 troleum satisfactory. My experience with refined petroleum has not 

 been satisfactory, 



Mr. Moon, chairman of Committee on Legislation, submitted their 

 report, which, after some discussion, was accepted. 



On motion of Samuel C. Moon, the recommendations of the com- 

 mittee were adopted fis the sense of the AssQcj^^tion, 



