224 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 



Off. Doc. 



cream carrying over twenty-five per cent, of fat — it is so thick that it 

 does not flow readily. Eighteen grams is not delivered into the 

 bottle by measuring eighteen cubic centimeters. Then, again, the 

 cream may be frothy or filled with gas bubbles. These errors 

 cause low results, unless they are avoided by the use of a correc- 

 tion table (which does not surely "correct") or unless the pipette de- 

 livery is weighed. 



The proper amount of 'cream is most surely obtained by weighing 

 the pipette delivery. So many fail in this matter that I want to 

 make it clear. The apparatus needed 

 is simply a small druggist's scale and 

 a few weights. The empty cream 

 bottle on one scale is balanced by the 

 slide or weights on the other. An 

 eighteen gram weight is added and the 

 well mixed cream is pipetted into the 

 cream bottle until the balance swings 

 evenly. The test is then proceeded 

 with as usual. The operation is no 

 more intricate than is the weighing of 

 the butter into the tub in which it is packed. It is precisely the 

 same thing, weighing into a weighed empty package a given weight 

 of the material wanted. The extra time consumed need not be more 

 than a minute to the sample, and as a result of its expenditure far 

 greater accuracy is insured. Every patron taking separator cream 

 to a creamery should insist that the management test eighteen grams 

 of his cream, that they weigh the delivery of the pipette. 



That this matter may be made the more clear two pictures of 

 cream test scales are given. The larger one is manufactured by the 

 Springer Torsion Balance Company, 92 Eeade Street, New York. The 

 empty cream bottle is placed in the specially adapted left-hand pan, 

 is counterpoised by the slide and weights or both, and then eighteen 

 grams of cream are pipetted against an added eighteen gram weight 



The smaller cut shows a new scale made by 

 -ev^ Henry Troemner, 710 Market street, Phila- 

 delphia, Pa. It is as nearly rust-proof as 

 possible, its three inch bearings are set with 

 agate and its pans are made of porcelain. Its 

 method of use is similar to that indicated for 

 the Springer scale. These scales with weights cost from eight to 

 ten dollars, and both are excellently adapted to the purpose. 



ERRORS OF INTENT. 



I believe in the "open door" system in a creamery. I would have 

 the management open its books and its testing operations to patrons. 

 I know of one creamery where the test is done in secret and the books 



