aS4 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



under the hull and outside of the central portion of the seed which 

 is more purely starch. Gluten meal contains practically as much 

 protein as linseed meal or from 35 to 37 per cent. 



'Another starch waste is the hull of the maize kernel itself, which 

 is undoubtedly of less value than the same weight of the entire ker- 

 nel. This hull is sometimes spoken of as sugar corn waste and corn 

 feed, but is more properly designated as corn bran. 



Gluten feed, the third form of waste from starch manufacture, is 

 simply a mixture of the gluten meal and the corn bran. Thi^ mate- 

 rial contains approximately 25 per cent, of protein. It is important, 

 therefore, for the dairyman to clearly understand whether he is buy- 

 ing gluten meal, gluten feed or corn bran. There is a great differ- 

 ence in the projiortions of the constituents of these several materials 

 and also differences in their digestibility. 



4. Brewers' and Distillery Wastes. Sugar is required for the man- 

 ufacture of alcohol, whether it is found in old-fashioned New England 

 rum or in lager beer. At the present time this sugar is obtained 

 from our cereal grains, chiefly corn and barley. The first thing which 

 is necessary is the conversion of the starch of these grains into 

 maltose, a form of sugar. For instance, the maltster submits mois- 

 tened barley grains to a certain temperature for a certain length of 

 time, until these grains have sprouted and the ferment action in their 

 interior has converted a large part of their starch into sugar. The 

 sprouts which appear on these grains are rubbed oft" and are known 

 in our markets as malt sprouts. They are a useful feeding stuff; 

 carrying about 25 per cent, of protein. The grains minus the sprouts 

 are crushed and the sugar is extracted, this extract afterwards being 

 submitted to a fermentation for the production of alcohol. The ex- 

 tracted grains, after drying, are sold under the name brewers' grains 

 and contain about the same proportion of protein as malt sprouts. 

 There are also found for sale distillery wastes, which are produced 

 by the manufacturers of whiskey and other liquids of a like charac- 

 ter. Here we have the characteristic high proportion of protein. 



o. Wheat Offals. No feeding stuffs are more widely or more favor- 

 ably known than wheat bran and wheat middlings. These have come 

 to be regarded as standard materials. Formerly- they were sold in 

 separate form, but now it is the custom in many mills to run the 

 offals from the milling of wheat together into one mixture, to be sold 

 under the general term mixed feed. If the screenings and other in- 

 ferior mill wastes are not run into this mixed feed the latter prac- 

 tice is not disadvantageous to the farmer perhaps. Many mixed feeds 

 of this class, however, appear to contain a good deal of inferior ma- 

 terial. 



6. Breakfast Food Wastes. Within the past twenty-five years 

 there has been a remarkable increase in the variety and quantity of 



