248 AKN UAL REPORT OF THE Off. Doc. 



A. I do not see Low yon can get any standard except as between 

 foods of the same class. 



Q. At the present time, with the very high value of feeds, I should 

 like to ask Professor Jordan whether it is wise to limit ourselves 

 to the narrow ration, or whether it is more economical to feed a 

 wider ration? 



A. Professor Hills sometime ago in writing on this differentiated 

 between what we call the physiological standard for the animal 

 and the practical standard for the feeder. The physiological 

 standard means that combination of foods which is most efficient 

 with the animal. The practical standard is that ration which will do 

 the most work with the least expenditure of money. My judgment 

 is that it is better to depend upon the farm resources to the largest 

 extent even to feeding wide rations. 



IMPORTANCE OF HYGIENE IN THE DAIRY. 



Br Dr. M. E. CONARB, of the Veterinary College, University of Pennsylvania. 



We have heard how to feed cattle and have yet to hear of the char- 

 acter of the food. It is well that we should study for a time the best 

 methods of handling our dairy products. 



I feel a little out of place because this is not an audience that 

 needs to be advised in dairy hygieize. Hygiene means the proper use 

 of everything pertaining to life, and dairy hygiene means not only 

 the care of the food of the cattle, but the care of their products. 

 Dairy hygiene has passed the experimental stage. Nature, in her 

 wisdom, has adopted a way of feeding which is not practicable, but 

 it is our duty to come as close to it as we can. She has provided 

 that the dairy product should be taken into the stomach without 

 ever seeing daylight or coming in contact with the open air, or con- 

 taminated by outside influences. Its exposure from the time of leav- 

 ing the gland until it reaches the stomach we call its commercial en- 

 vironment, and during this time the greatest amount of care is neces- 

 sary. We find evidence of the lack of its care in the feeding of 

 young animals and of bottle babies. We must protect it from dirt — 

 and when I say dirt, I mean dirt in its true sense, matter out of place. 

 Foreign substances which we might not consider dirt may get into 

 it, yet they will cause trouble. We have always practiced care in 

 this matter to the best of our knowledge, but our limited knowledge 

 of dirt has crippled our operations. 



