Rlrai. S( ii<;< 1 L[;afli-:t. 



879 



Let us next look at the pupa of a moth. This is nearly always inside a 

 covering which is called a cocoon. If you will examine carefully the 

 fruit trees or shade trees about your home you may find a cocoon of the 

 Ce-cro-pi-a moth. You will see that it is made of silk. This covering 

 was spun by the larva of the giant silkworm as protection against the 

 storms of winter. How snug the pupa is inside, and how firmly the 

 cocoon is fastened to the twig on which you found it! Figs. 13, 15, 16 

 show this interesting insect. 



When you are studying pupae remember that butterflies do not come 

 out of cocoons. Their chrysalis or jnipa is always naked. In the case 

 of moths, however, the pupa is citlicr protected inside a cocoon or by 

 beine undersi-ound or in 



some 



well sheltered place. 

 These facts suggest a ques- 

 tion. Is there any reason 

 why the one should be better 

 fitted to endure sudden 

 changes of temperature than 

 the other? 



The Adult 



We now come to the 

 fourth period in the lives of 

 moths and butterflies, a 

 period which has ever had 

 and ever will have an inter • 

 est for young and old. Since 

 there are many persons who 

 cannot distinguish the two 

 groups, butterflies and 

 moths, let us learn the 

 marks by which they may 

 be known. 



Butterflies have naked pupae attached by the tail end to a button of 

 silk. They fly by day. The wings are held erect over the back when 

 at rest. The antennae or feelers have knobs on the apex. Fig. 17 B. 

 The body is slender. 



Moths have pupae protected either inside cocoons or by being under- 

 ground or in some sheltered place. Many moths fly at night. The 

 antennae are thread liV.e or feathery, but never knobbed at the apex. 

 Fig. 17 MM. The wings are folded flat along the back when they are 

 at rest. The body is stout. 



Fig. t6. — Cccropia moth fust cuicri^ed from the 

 cocoon on which it hant^s. The moth comes 

 from the pupa 



