Teachkr's Leaflet. 



1113 



tree heals its wounds so that the fungus is imprisoned and can never send out fruit- 

 ing brackets. Thus it is most important to teach the pupils how to protect trees 

 from the attacks of these enemies which are devastating our forests and which 

 sometimes attack our orchards and shade trees. 



As soon as a tree is bruised, the wound should be painted or covered with a coat 

 of tar. If the wind breaks a branch, the splinters left hanging should be sawed 

 off, leaving a smooth stump, and this be painted. While ordinary paint if renewed 

 each year will suffice, experiment has shown that the coat of tar is better and 

 should be used. 



Especially should teachers impress on the pupils the harm done by careless 

 hacking with axe or hatchet. We shall do an invaluable service in the protection 

 of our forests if we teach the rising generation the respectful treatment of trees 

 which is due living organisms whose span of life may cover centuries. 



A common species of puff hall (Lycoperdon gemmatum). 



Lesson III 



PUFFEALLS 



Purpose. — To explain the growth of a puffball and the nature of its 

 " smoke." 



Material. — Ask the pupils to bring to school any of the globular or 

 pear-shaped fungi in the early stages when they are white, taking 

 pains to bring them on the soil or wood on which they are growing. 



Observations by Pupils' 



(i). Where did you find the puffball? On what was it growing? 

 Were there many growing in company? Remove the puffball and 

 examine the place where it stood with a lens to find the matted and 

 crisscrossed fungus threads. 



