i6o4 The Cornell Reading-Courses 



length. It should be done in either fall or spring. A large number of 

 new shoots will grow from these stubs. When these shoots have nearly 

 reached maturity, which is in July, the bush is mound layered. T)irt is 

 thrown up over the plant until it covers the base of the new branches for 

 about one half their length. This dirt should be carefully worked in 

 between the branches and then lightly pressed down. Roots will then 

 grow at the base of the new branches. Later each branch is removed 

 and becomes a separate plant. In the case of the American varieties, 

 roots will have formed so that the stool may be separated by the following 

 spring. The English varieties root less rapidly, and therefore should be 

 left another year before separating. In both cases the plants are usually 

 grown one year in the niirsery after separation. They are then ready 

 for sale. 



Stem cuttings 



Cuttings give satisfactory results for most of the American varieties. 

 This method for the gooseberry is practically the same as is described 

 for the currant. The new growth is taken and made into cuttings about 

 eight to ten inches in length. Preferably these cuttings should be 

 allowed to callus before planting in the spring. In order to secure this 

 callus the cuttings should be taken in the fall and either buried in the 

 ground or kept in a cool, moist cellar in sand over winter. The cuttings 

 are then planted in the spring. It is not always necessary to secure the 

 development of the callus before planting, as good growth has resulted 

 without this treatment. In such case the cuttings can be taken in the 

 spring and planted immediately. 



VARIETIES 



Our study of the gooseberry in western New York shows that the 

 commercial patches consist mainly of four varieties, the Downing, Pearl, 

 Red Jacket, and Chautauqua. The first three of these are American 

 varieties and the last, the Chautauqua, is an English variety. 



The Geneva Agricultural Experiment Station* recommends the follow- 

 ing varieties for New York State: 



American varieties: Downing, Houghton, Pale Red, Crystal, Champion, 

 and Red Jacket. 



English varieties: Industry, Crown Bob, Lancashire Lad, Wellington 

 Glory, Dominion, and Triumph. 



The varieties that Professor W. T. Macoun f recommends for Canada 

 are interesting to growers in New York State because these varieties 

 will probably do well here. He suggests: 



* " Gooseberries; Best Varieties and How to Grow Them." by S. A. Beach. Geneva Agricultural 

 Experiment Station Bulletin 114. 



t " Bush Fruits," by W. T. Macoun. Bulletin 56, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada, p. 27. 



