No. 7. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 193 



Ventilation depends upon the principle of warm air rising when 

 surrounded by cold air. There must be two openings to produce 

 a thorough change of air; one for the removal of foul air, the other 

 for the admission of fresh air. This may be easily accomplished in 

 a living room in cold weather by lowering the upper sash of the 

 window, as this affords an escape at the top for the air of the room 

 and the entrance of fresh air between the upper and lower sash, or 

 an outflow of air may be secured by means of the open stove, a 

 chimney or ventilating shaft, and an admission by the door or win- 

 dow, if the hot air furnace is not used. Dr. Bell suggests that an 

 eflBcient foul air shaft may be fitted to the common stove by inclos- 

 ing the stove-pipe in a pipe two or three inches greater in diameter, 

 being left open at the end next to the stove. In summer, ventilation 

 may be provided for by opening windows at both top and bottom on 

 the sheltered side of the house. Sleeping apartments and the bed- 

 clothing should be aired each morning. In the sick room is even 

 more need for ventilation. Instances are known where the patient 

 has been compelled to lie in a very small, close, hot room, and al- 

 lowed to breathe with diiiiculty the stifling air, besides enduring the 

 suffering of disease. It was formerly believed that every precau- 

 tion should be taken to prevent persons ill with small-pox from 

 breathing fresh air. When a lady in South Carolina has this dis- 

 ease, her friends, after they thought life was extinct, caused her 

 body to be removed to an open shed. The pure air revived the vital 

 spark and she recovered. When the vapor breathed from the Jungs 

 begins to collect in drops upon any window, it is time to increase the 

 supply of fresh air. 



Thus, to furnish a room that is both healthful and pleasant de- 

 pends upon the quantity of air admitted, as well as upon the man- 

 ner of supplying light and heat; when our houses, therefore, are 

 properly lighted, heated and ventilated, much will have been ac- 

 complished toward the making of the model home. 



INTENSIVE FARMING. 



By B. H. DETWILER, HugliesvUU, Pa. 



I have been assigned the pleasant duty of discussing for your con- 

 sideration to-day "Intensive Farming." 



The farming of to-day is not the farming of a half a century ago, 



13_7_1900 



