92 Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. 



First flowers Half the flowers 



open. open All open. 



38 Wazata April 17 Api'il 19 AprU 20 



39 Weaver AprU 25 April 27 April 28 



60 WMtaJcer April 27 April 28 April 30 



01 Wild Goose April 20 April 24 April 27 



42 Wolf April 27 April 29 April 30 



43 Wyant April 27 April 29 May 1 



90 Yellow Transparent .... April 21 April 25 April 28 



4. Insects and diseases. — Numerous insects and fungi attack tln» 

 native plums. Much has been written concerning the supposed 

 iminimity of the fruit from the attacks of the curculio, and while 

 it may be said that there iis no curculio-proof x>lum, it is also true 

 that the native varieties, as a rule, are less injured than the com- 

 mon or Domestica varieties.* 



The fungi which do serious injury to the native plums are indi- 

 cated for this paper by Dr. E. F. Smith, of the division of vege- 

 table pathology of the National Department of Agriculture, as 

 follows: 



" 1. The American varieties suffer little from septoria, oi' the 

 shot-hole fungus of the leaves. (See Ai-thur, fifth and sixth 

 reports N. Y. Exp. Sta., with which my observations coiiicide). 



" 2. Black-knot occurs on Prunus Americana in Michigan thick- 

 ets, but I have never seen it upon the Chickasaws. 



"The brown fruit-rot (Monilia fructigena) of the stone fruits 

 attacks the native varieties, but they are more exempt, I think, 

 than the varieties of Prunus domestica. As in the peach, the 

 fung-us attacks the twigs as well as the fruits. 



"4. The leaf -rust (Pucctnia pruni-spinosae) is said to do injurj- 

 in the southwestern States, but while I have seen it on peaches in 

 many parts of the country, I have not found it upon the native 

 plums. 



" 5. Plum-pockets or bladders (Taphrina pruni) is a frequent dis- 

 ease upon the native plums. It attacks the Americana and Chick- 



*" The curculio prefers the domesticated to the native varieties of plums." — C. P. Gillette, 

 Bull. 9, la. Exp. sta., 388 (1890.) Other observers confirm this opinion. Professor Gillette finds 

 that in central Iowa the plum gouger (Coccoturus prunicida) is very injurious, and it attacks 

 the native more than the domestic varieties. 



