364 Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. 



PAJRT I. EXPERIMENTS OF THE SEASON. 



Until recently, insecticides and fungicides have been applied 

 separately. The following experiments were made to deterinin-' 

 the value and practicability of spraying apple orchards with a 

 combination of insecticides and fungicides. From the good results 

 which have commonly followed the use of Paris green, it wai> 

 thought possible that it may have some value tis a fuiigicidt- 

 when used alone. Applications were made to test this point. 



The combinations applied were Paris green and the Bordeaux 

 mixture, and London purple and the Boi-deaux mixture. Paris 

 green was also used alone. The arsenites were used at the rate 

 of two and one-half ounces to foi-ty gallons of liquid, which is the 

 e<iuivalent of one pound to about 250 gallons. The 1 Bordeaux 

 mixture was made according to the formula: 



Sulphate of copper (ciystals), six pounds. 



Lime (unslaked), four pounds. 



Water, forty gallons. 



The sulphate of copper dissolves very slowly in cold water. It 

 is better to buy it in the fonn of a powder, or to use boiling water, 

 wliich dissolves it more quickly. Four or five gallons of hot water 

 should readily dissolve enough of the copper sulphate to make 

 forty gallons of the mixture. It is better to use quicklime, but 

 that which has been air-slaked will also answer the purpose if 

 about one-fourth more is used. (See Pai't n.) 



The arsenites were added to the mixture just before the appM 

 cations were made to the trees. The mixtures were carried in 

 (he orchard in a barrel holding forty gallons, and lying horizontally 

 upon a wagon. The pump used was No. 540, of the Deiiiing 

 (Jompany, Salem, Ohio. It was secured to the top of the barrel 

 as shown in the cover illustration. A hose, which discharge:- 

 into the barrel for the purpose of keeping the mixture stirred, 

 may be attached to the pump, but this was aot used. The liquids 

 were stirred by means of a stick which was inserted into the bar- 

 rel through the hole used in filling. A thorough stirring was 

 given before spraying each tree. It was found that two persons 

 working together could do the work most satisfactorily; one drove 



