40 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Oct. 



obtained with a centrifugal separator. The following table shows 

 the relative size of fat globules for the different breeds ; also the 

 relation of casein and total protein is given : 



Relate Volume Relation of fat Relation of fat 



The above table shows that the fat globules in Holstein milk 

 are about half as great in volume as the Island breeds. This con- 

 dition makes it especially adapted where it is desired to have the 

 fat remain mixed in the milk serum for cheese making, or for use 

 as food. Cream obtained by the centrifugal separator, when pro- 

 duced by Holsteins, is well adapted for ice cream making as the 

 small globules increase its whipping qualities. 



This table also shows that there is one pound of casein in 

 Holstein milk for each 1.31 pounds of butterfat. The high pro- 

 portion of casein makes it especially applicable to cheese making, 

 and also the high relation of total protein to fat shows the relative 

 large proportion of this valuable food nutrient. 



As certified milk it finds popular adaptation, the small fat 

 globule and relatively low fat content usually being sought, for 

 infants and invalids. Experiments have also shown that the 

 casein is precipitated in a floculent mass, rather than hard curds 

 by the acids of the stomach, a point no doubt favorable to infant 

 feeding. 



The Breeders' Opportunity. 



Holstein breeders must not overlook the value of the scales 

 and Babcock test in connection with the development of the 

 powers of production of the breed. They should not, in their 

 enthusiasm. Overlook the fact that many individual cows are 

 undesirably near the state standard for butterfat and total solids. 

 These facts are revealed accurately by careful records alone, and 

 in many instances it will be found that animals of this character 

 occurring most frequently are associated with low testing strains. 

 The real improvement of dairy breeds, from the standpoint of 



