1906 



The Cornell Reading-Courses 



latter part of September a few of the puparia transform to flies and thus 

 produce a partial second brood. This brood is small and probably does 

 but little damage. 



Means of control.- — Injury by the apple maggot is most severe in 

 neglected, unpruncd, unciiltivated, and unsprayed orchards. As a nile 

 it is rarely troublesome in orchards that are' properly cvdtivated and 

 that have regularly received the usual sprays made for the codling moth. 

 In orchards which for the past few years have been seriously infested 

 it would be advisable to make three or four applications of sweetened 

 arsenate of lead at intervals of a week, beginning when the flies first 

 appear on the trees. The sweetened spray is prepared according to 

 the following formvda: 



Arsenate of lead 6 pounds. 



Cheap molasses 2 gallons 



Water 100 gallons 



The sweetened spray need not be applied with the care used in ordinary 

 arsenical spraying, because it is in the nature of a bait to which the flies 

 are attracted and on which they feed and die. 



THE APPLE REDBUGS 



Heterocordylus malinus Reuter and Lygidea mendax Reuter 



Although apple redbugs had 

 been iinder observation for some 

 years at Ithaca, the first serious 

 outbreak in New York State was 

 in the spring of 1908 in a large 

 orchard near Syracuse. Since that 

 time they have been increasing in 

 importance as an apple pest tmtil 

 they are now fairly common 

 through the apple-growing regions 

 of New York except in the northern 

 part of the State. 



There are two kinds of apple 



redbugs that are closely related 



and resemble each other in general 



appearance. For convenience in 



referring to them, one has been 

 Fig. 108. — Adult apple redhug, enlarged n 1 ,1 1 n 1 .1 



called the apple redbug and the 



other the false apple redbug. The adult apple redbug is about one-foiirth 



inch in length (Fig. 108) and varies in color from red to black, and the 



